Thermal stability enhanced ZDSF proposal for ultra high-speed long haul communication systems

In this article, thermal stability enhanced triangular graded-index single-mode zero-dispersion shifted fiber (ZDSF) is designed and the effect of temperature variation on its characteristics is investigated. The zero-dispersion wavelength (λ_ZD) adjustment is accomplished through minimization of the broadening factor at the wavelength of 1.55 µm. The simulation results admit that the dispersion and its slope at 1.55 µm are 0.0051 ps/km/nm and 0.038 ps/km/nm², respectively. This small slope of the structure results in the bit rate of 133 Gb/s in the 100 km distance. In addition, compared to the bell-shaped electrical mode distribution structures, the proposed structure holds an extended effective area (A_eff), which leads to elimination of the nonlinear effects. The λ_ZD in the designed fiber exhibits a lower thermal coefficient compared to the reports previously presented which provides a better stability. This satisfactory feature is the direct result of small dispersion slope in the introduced structure. Furthermore, a temperature compensation system based on tensile strain induction, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, is proposed that preserves the effective refractive index (n_eff) profile versus wavelength not only in λ_ZD but also in all communication bands of S+C+L. This accomplishment compensates the temperature impact on parameters such as dispersion and zero-dispersion wavelength.