TY - JOUR
T1 - Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Polyunsaturated and Trans Fatty Acids During Pregnancy and Offspring Weight Development
AU - Ren, Xuan
AU - Vilhjálmsdóttir, Birgitta Lind
AU - Rohde, Jeanett Friis
AU - Walker, Karen Christina
AU - Runstedt, Suzanne Elizabeth
AU - Lauritzen, Lotte
AU - Heitmann, Berit Lilienthal
AU - Specht, Ina Olmer
N1 - Copyright © 2021 Ren, Vilhjálmsdóttir, Rohde, Walker, Runstedt, Lauritzen, Heitmann and Specht.
PY - 2021/3/25
Y1 - 2021/3/25
N2 - Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) may have an impact on offspring weight development. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines to evaluate whether levels of these fatty acids during pregnancy influenced offspring weight development. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with DHA and/or EPA supplementation or cohort studies, which examined levels of DHA, EPA, or TFAs in maternal or neonatal blood samples and recorded offspring weight, were included. Overall, 27 RCTs and 14 observational studies were identified. The results showed that DHA and/or EPA supplementation doses >650 mg/day resulted in slightly higher birth weight (MD 87.5 g, 95% CI 52.3-122.6, n = 3,831) and combined BMI and BMI z score at 5-10 years (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.04-0.18, n = 3,220). These results were rated as moderate quality. Results from the observational studies were generally inconsistent. High TFA levels during pregnancy seemed to be associated with lower birth weight. Finally, this review and meta-analysis supports a relationship between high maternal or neonatal DHA and/or EPA levels and higher offspring birth weight and weight in childhood. More high-quality long-term studies are still needed.
AB - Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) may have an impact on offspring weight development. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines to evaluate whether levels of these fatty acids during pregnancy influenced offspring weight development. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with DHA and/or EPA supplementation or cohort studies, which examined levels of DHA, EPA, or TFAs in maternal or neonatal blood samples and recorded offspring weight, were included. Overall, 27 RCTs and 14 observational studies were identified. The results showed that DHA and/or EPA supplementation doses >650 mg/day resulted in slightly higher birth weight (MD 87.5 g, 95% CI 52.3-122.6, n = 3,831) and combined BMI and BMI z score at 5-10 years (SMD 0.11, 95% CI 0.04-0.18, n = 3,220). These results were rated as moderate quality. Results from the observational studies were generally inconsistent. High TFA levels during pregnancy seemed to be associated with lower birth weight. Finally, this review and meta-analysis supports a relationship between high maternal or neonatal DHA and/or EPA levels and higher offspring birth weight and weight in childhood. More high-quality long-term studies are still needed.
KW - birth weight
KW - BMI in childhood
KW - infant
KW - N-3 LCPUFA
KW - pregnancy
KW - TFA
KW - weight in childhood
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103883097&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fnut.2021.625596
DO - 10.3389/fnut.2021.625596
M3 - Review
C2 - 33842522
SN - 2296-861X
VL - 8
SP - 625596
JO - Frontiers in nutrition
JF - Frontiers in nutrition
M1 - 625596
ER -