TY - JOUR
T1 - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and male reproductive function in young adulthood; a cross-sectional study
AU - Petersen, Kajsa Ugelvig
AU - Hærvig, Katia Keglberg
AU - Flachs, Esben Meulengracht
AU - Bonde, Jens Peter
AU - Lindh, Christian
AU - Hougaard, Karin Sørig
AU - Toft, Gunnar
AU - Ramlau-Hansen, Cecilia Høst
AU - Tøttenborg, Sandra Søgaard
N1 - Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large family of persistent industrial chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties.OBJECTIVES: To examine biomarkers of reproductive function in young adult males according to current environmental exposure to single and combined PFAS.METHODS: The study population consisted of young men (n = 1041, age 18-21) from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. These men were recruited from pregnancies included in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) between 1996 and 2002. From 2017 to 2019, participants answered an online questionnaire, completed a clinical examination and provided a blood and a semen sample. Exposure to 15 PFAS was measured in plasma. Six compounds were quantified above the limit of detection in at least 80% of the participants. We applied negative binomial regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to assess associations between single and combined exposure to PFAS and measures of semen quality, testicular volume and reproductive hormones among the young men.RESULTS: We found no consistent associations between plasma concentrations of PFAS, semen quality and testicular volume. Higher levels of single and combined PFAS were associated with slightly higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (WQS 4% difference, 95% confidence interval: 0, 9). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the main contributor to this finding with positive signals also from perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS).DISCUSSION: We examined exposure to a range of common PFAS in relation to biomarkers of male reproductive function and found an association with higher levels of FSH among young men from the general population in Denmark. Further studies on especially combined exposure to PFAS are needed to expand our understanding of potential endocrine disruption from both legacy and emerging compounds in relation to male reproductive function.
AB - BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large family of persistent industrial chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties.OBJECTIVES: To examine biomarkers of reproductive function in young adult males according to current environmental exposure to single and combined PFAS.METHODS: The study population consisted of young men (n = 1041, age 18-21) from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. These men were recruited from pregnancies included in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) between 1996 and 2002. From 2017 to 2019, participants answered an online questionnaire, completed a clinical examination and provided a blood and a semen sample. Exposure to 15 PFAS was measured in plasma. Six compounds were quantified above the limit of detection in at least 80% of the participants. We applied negative binomial regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to assess associations between single and combined exposure to PFAS and measures of semen quality, testicular volume and reproductive hormones among the young men.RESULTS: We found no consistent associations between plasma concentrations of PFAS, semen quality and testicular volume. Higher levels of single and combined PFAS were associated with slightly higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (WQS 4% difference, 95% confidence interval: 0, 9). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the main contributor to this finding with positive signals also from perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS).DISCUSSION: We examined exposure to a range of common PFAS in relation to biomarkers of male reproductive function and found an association with higher levels of FSH among young men from the general population in Denmark. Further studies on especially combined exposure to PFAS are needed to expand our understanding of potential endocrine disruption from both legacy and emerging compounds in relation to male reproductive function.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids/administration & dosage
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
KW - Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects
KW - Fluorocarbons/adverse effects
KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood
KW - Genitalia, Male/drug effects
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Semen Analysis
KW - Young Adult
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126867081&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113157
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113157
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35318009
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 212
SP - 113157
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
IS - Pt A
M1 - 113157
ER -