TY - JOUR
T1 - Nitrate in Maternal Drinking Water during Pregnancy and Measures of Male Fecundity in Adult Sons
AU - Clemmensen, Pernille Jul
AU - Brix, Nis
AU - Schullehner, Jörg
AU - Gaml-Sørensen, Anne
AU - Toft, Gunnar
AU - Tøttenborg, Sandra Søgaard
AU - Ebdrup, Ninna Hinchely
AU - Hougaard, Karin Sørig
AU - Hansen, Birgitte
AU - Sigsgaard, Torben
AU - Kolstad, Henrik Albert
AU - Bonde, Jens Peter Ellekilde
AU - Ramlau-Hansen, Cecilia Høst
PY - 2022/11/3
Y1 - 2022/11/3
N2 - Animal studies indicate deleterious effects of nitrate exposure on fecundity, but effects in humans are unknown, both for the prenatal and postnatal periods. We aimed to investigate if exposure to nitrate in maternal drinking water during the sensitive period of fetal life is associated with measures of fecundity in the adult sons. In a sub-analysis, the potential effects of nitrate exposure in adulthood were investigated. This cohort included 985 young adult men enrolled in The Fetal Programming of Semen Quality Cohort (FEPOS). Semen characteristics, testes volume and reproductive hormones were analyzed in relation to nitrate concentration in maternal drinking water, using a negative binomial regression model. The nitrate concentration in drinking water was obtained from monitoring data from Danish waterworks that were linked with the mothers' residential address during pregnancy. The median nitrate concentration in maternal drinking water was 2 mg/L. At these low exposure levels, which are far below the World Health Organization's (WHO) guideline value of 50 mg/L, we did not find indications of harmful effects of nitrate on the investigated measures of male fecundity.
AB - Animal studies indicate deleterious effects of nitrate exposure on fecundity, but effects in humans are unknown, both for the prenatal and postnatal periods. We aimed to investigate if exposure to nitrate in maternal drinking water during the sensitive period of fetal life is associated with measures of fecundity in the adult sons. In a sub-analysis, the potential effects of nitrate exposure in adulthood were investigated. This cohort included 985 young adult men enrolled in The Fetal Programming of Semen Quality Cohort (FEPOS). Semen characteristics, testes volume and reproductive hormones were analyzed in relation to nitrate concentration in maternal drinking water, using a negative binomial regression model. The nitrate concentration in drinking water was obtained from monitoring data from Danish waterworks that were linked with the mothers' residential address during pregnancy. The median nitrate concentration in maternal drinking water was 2 mg/L. At these low exposure levels, which are far below the World Health Organization's (WHO) guideline value of 50 mg/L, we did not find indications of harmful effects of nitrate on the investigated measures of male fecundity.
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Young Adult
KW - Female
KW - Male
KW - Humans
KW - Adult
KW - Drinking Water/analysis
KW - Nitrates/analysis
KW - Semen Analysis
KW - Adult Children
KW - Nitrogen Oxides
KW - Fertility
KW - Organic Chemicals/analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141882198&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ijerph192114428
DO - 10.3390/ijerph192114428
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36361307
SN - 1661-7827
VL - 19
SP - 14428
JO - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
IS - 21
M1 - 14428
ER -