TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-term follow-up on morbidity among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus
T2 - a systematic review
AU - Flachs Madsen, Lana Rashid
AU - Gerdøe-Kristensen, Stine
AU - Lauenborg, Jeannet
AU - Damm, Peter
AU - Kesmodel, Ulrik Schiøler
AU - Lynge, Elsebeth
N1 - © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.
PY - 2022/8/18
Y1 - 2022/8/18
N2 - BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates up to 10% of pregnancies and is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Little is known about possible long-term risks of other diseases.BACKGROUND: The aim was to review the literature for evidence of associations with morbidity other than T2DM and cardiovascular disease and with long-term mortality.METHODS: A systematic review based on searches in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library until March 31, 2021, using a broad range of keywords. We extracted study characteristics and results on associations between GDM and disease occurrence at least 10 years postpartum, excluding studies on women with diabetes prior to pregnancy or only diabetes prior to outcome. The results are reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess risk of bias.RESULTS: We screened 3084 titles, 81 articles were assessed full-text, and 15 included in the review. The strongest evidence for an association was for kidney diseases, particularly in Black women. We found indication of an association with liver disease, possibly restricted to women with T2DM postpartum. The association between GDM and breast cancer had been studied extensively, but in most cases based on self-reported diagnosis and with conflicting results. Only sparse and inconsistent results were found for other cancers. No study on thyroid diseases was found, and no study reported on short-term or long-term mortality in women with a history of GDM.CONCLUSION: Given the frequency of GDM, there is a need for better evidence on possible long-term health consequences, in particular, studies based on comprehensive records of diagnosis of GDM and long-term health outcomes.
AB - BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates up to 10% of pregnancies and is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Little is known about possible long-term risks of other diseases.BACKGROUND: The aim was to review the literature for evidence of associations with morbidity other than T2DM and cardiovascular disease and with long-term mortality.METHODS: A systematic review based on searches in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library until March 31, 2021, using a broad range of keywords. We extracted study characteristics and results on associations between GDM and disease occurrence at least 10 years postpartum, excluding studies on women with diabetes prior to pregnancy or only diabetes prior to outcome. The results are reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess risk of bias.RESULTS: We screened 3084 titles, 81 articles were assessed full-text, and 15 included in the review. The strongest evidence for an association was for kidney diseases, particularly in Black women. We found indication of an association with liver disease, possibly restricted to women with T2DM postpartum. The association between GDM and breast cancer had been studied extensively, but in most cases based on self-reported diagnosis and with conflicting results. Only sparse and inconsistent results were found for other cancers. No study on thyroid diseases was found, and no study reported on short-term or long-term mortality in women with a history of GDM.CONCLUSION: Given the frequency of GDM, there is a need for better evidence on possible long-term health consequences, in particular, studies based on comprehensive records of diagnosis of GDM and long-term health outcomes.
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
KW - Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis
KW - Female
KW - Follow-Up Studies
KW - Humans
KW - Morbidity
KW - Pregnancy
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - long-term risk
KW - gestational diabetes
KW - cancer
KW - morbidity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136911048&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1210/clinem/dgac373
DO - 10.1210/clinem/dgac373
M3 - Review
C2 - 35763540
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 107
SP - 2411
EP - 2423
JO - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
JF - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
IS - 9
ER -