Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Danish Nurse Cohort study

Tom Cole-Hunter; Rina So; Heresh Amini; Claus Backalarz; Jørgen Brandt; Elvira Vaclavik Bräuner; Ole Hertel; Steen Solvang Jensen; Jeanette Therming Jørgensen; Matthias Ketzel; Jens Elgaard Laursen; Youn-Hee Lim; Steffen Loft; Amar Mehta; Laust H Mortensen; Mette Kildevæld Simonsen; Torben Sisgaard; Rudi Westendorp; Zorana Jovanovic Andersen

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057

Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Danish Nurse Cohort study

Tom Cole-Hunter, Rina So, Heresh Amini, Claus Backalarz, Jørgen Brandt, Elvira Vaclavik Bräuner, Ole Hertel, Steen Solvang Jensen, Jeanette Therming Jørgensen, Matthias Ketzel, Jens Elgaard Laursen, Youn-Hee Lim, Steffen Loft, Amar Mehta, Laust H Mortensen, Mette Kildevæld Simonsen, Torben Sisgaard, Rudi Westendorp, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen

39 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Long-term road traffic noise exposure is linked to cardio-metabolic disease morbidity, whereas evidence on mortality remains limited.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated association of long-term exposure to road traffic noise with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

METHODS: We linked 22,858 females from the Danish Nurse Cohort (DNC), recruited into the Danish Register of Causes of Death up to 2014. Road traffic noise levels since 1970 were modelled by Nord2000 as the annual mean of a weighted 24 h average (Lden). Cox regression models examined the associations between Lden (5-year and 23-year means) and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities, adjusting for lifestyle and exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide).

RESULTS: During follow-up (mean 17.4 years), 3902 nurses died: 1622 from cancer, 922 from CVDs (289 from stroke), 338 from respiratory diseases (186 from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 114 from lower respiratory tract infections [ALRIs]), 234 from dementia, 95 from psychiatric disorders, and 79 from diabetes. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality from fully-adjusted models were 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) and 1.09 (1.03, 1.15) per 10 dB of 5-year and 23-year mean Lden, respectively, which attenuated slightly in our main model (fully-adjusted plus PM2.5: 1.04 [1.00, 1.10]; 1.08 [1.02, 1.13]). Main model estimates suggested the strongest associations between 5-year mean Lden and diabetes (1.14: 0.81, 1.61), ALRIs (1.13: 0.84, 1.54), dementia (1.12: 0.90, 1.38), and stroke (1.10: 0.91, 1.31), whereas associations with 23-year mean Lden were suggested for respiratory diseases (1.15: 0.95, 1.39), psychiatric disorders (1.11: 0.78, 1.59), and all cancers (1.08: 0.99, 1.17).

DISCUSSION: Among the female nurses from the DNC, we observed that long-term exposure to road traffic noise led to premature mortality, independently of air pollution, and its adverse effects may extend well beyond those on the cardio-metabolic system to include respiratory diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.

Original language	English
Article number	153057
Journal	Science of the Total Environment
Volume	820
Number of pages	10
ISSN	0048-9697
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057
Publication status	Published - 11 Jan 2022

Keywords

Cohort
Cox regression model
Mortality
Nitrogen dioxide
Particulate matter
Road traffic noise

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10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057

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Cole-Hunter, T., So, R., Amini, H., Backalarz, C., Brandt, J., Bräuner, E. V., Hertel, O., Jensen, S. S., Jørgensen, J. T., Ketzel, M., Laursen, J. E., Lim, Y.-H., Loft, S., Mehta, A., Mortensen, L. H., Simonsen, M. K., Sisgaard, T., Westendorp, R., & Andersen, Z. J. (2022). Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Danish Nurse Cohort study. Science of the Total Environment, 820, Article 153057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057

Cole-Hunter, T, So, R, Amini, H, Backalarz, C, Brandt, J, Bräuner, EV, Hertel, O, Jensen, SS, Jørgensen, JT, Ketzel, M, Laursen, JE, Lim, Y-H, Loft, S, Mehta, A, Mortensen, LH, Simonsen, MK, Sisgaard, T, Westendorp, R & Andersen, ZJ 2022, 'Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Danish Nurse Cohort study', Science of the Total Environment, vol. 820, 153057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057

@article{330a6e38a7684156b426f99ae95e6995,

title = "Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Danish Nurse Cohort study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Long-term road traffic noise exposure is linked to cardio-metabolic disease morbidity, whereas evidence on mortality remains limited.OBJECTIVES: We investigated association of long-term exposure to road traffic noise with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.METHODS: We linked 22,858 females from the Danish Nurse Cohort (DNC), recruited into the Danish Register of Causes of Death up to 2014. Road traffic noise levels since 1970 were modelled by Nord2000 as the annual mean of a weighted 24 h average (Lden). Cox regression models examined the associations between Lden (5-year and 23-year means) and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities, adjusting for lifestyle and exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide).RESULTS: During follow-up (mean 17.4 years), 3902 nurses died: 1622 from cancer, 922 from CVDs (289 from stroke), 338 from respiratory diseases (186 from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 114 from lower respiratory tract infections [ALRIs]), 234 from dementia, 95 from psychiatric disorders, and 79 from diabetes. Hazard ratios (95\% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality from fully-adjusted models were 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) and 1.09 (1.03, 1.15) per 10 dB of 5-year and 23-year mean Lden, respectively, which attenuated slightly in our main model (fully-adjusted plus PM2.5: 1.04 [1.00, 1.10]; 1.08 [1.02, 1.13]). Main model estimates suggested the strongest associations between 5-year mean Lden and diabetes (1.14: 0.81, 1.61), ALRIs (1.13: 0.84, 1.54), dementia (1.12: 0.90, 1.38), and stroke (1.10: 0.91, 1.31), whereas associations with 23-year mean Lden were suggested for respiratory diseases (1.15: 0.95, 1.39), psychiatric disorders (1.11: 0.78, 1.59), and all cancers (1.08: 0.99, 1.17).DISCUSSION: Among the female nurses from the DNC, we observed that long-term exposure to road traffic noise led to premature mortality, independently of air pollution, and its adverse effects may extend well beyond those on the cardio-metabolic system to include respiratory diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.",

keywords = "Cohort, Cox regression model, Mortality, Nitrogen dioxide, Particulate matter, Road traffic noise",

author = "Tom Cole-Hunter and Rina So and Heresh Amini and Claus Backalarz and J{\o}rgen Brandt and Br{\"a}uner, \{Elvira Vaclavik\} and Ole Hertel and Jensen, \{Steen Solvang\} and J{\o}rgensen, \{Jeanette Therming\} and Matthias Ketzel and Laursen, \{Jens Elgaard\} and Youn-Hee Lim and Steffen Loft and Amar Mehta and Mortensen, \{Laust H\} and Simonsen, \{Mette Kildev{\ae}ld\} and Torben Sisgaard and Rudi Westendorp and Andersen, \{Zorana Jovanovic\}",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2022",

month = jan,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057",

language = "English",

volume = "820",

journal = "Science of the Total Environment",

issn = "0048-9697",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality

T2 - a Danish Nurse Cohort study

AU - Cole-Hunter, Tom

AU - So, Rina

AU - Amini, Heresh

AU - Backalarz, Claus

AU - Brandt, Jørgen

AU - Bräuner, Elvira Vaclavik

AU - Hertel, Ole

AU - Jensen, Steen Solvang

AU - Jørgensen, Jeanette Therming

AU - Ketzel, Matthias

AU - Laursen, Jens Elgaard

AU - Lim, Youn-Hee

AU - Loft, Steffen

AU - Mehta, Amar

AU - Mortensen, Laust H

AU - Simonsen, Mette Kildevæld

AU - Sisgaard, Torben

AU - Westendorp, Rudi

AU - Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic

PY - 2022/1/11

Y1 - 2022/1/11

N2 - BACKGROUND: Long-term road traffic noise exposure is linked to cardio-metabolic disease morbidity, whereas evidence on mortality remains limited.OBJECTIVES: We investigated association of long-term exposure to road traffic noise with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.METHODS: We linked 22,858 females from the Danish Nurse Cohort (DNC), recruited into the Danish Register of Causes of Death up to 2014. Road traffic noise levels since 1970 were modelled by Nord2000 as the annual mean of a weighted 24 h average (Lden). Cox regression models examined the associations between Lden (5-year and 23-year means) and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities, adjusting for lifestyle and exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide).RESULTS: During follow-up (mean 17.4 years), 3902 nurses died: 1622 from cancer, 922 from CVDs (289 from stroke), 338 from respiratory diseases (186 from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 114 from lower respiratory tract infections [ALRIs]), 234 from dementia, 95 from psychiatric disorders, and 79 from diabetes. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality from fully-adjusted models were 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) and 1.09 (1.03, 1.15) per 10 dB of 5-year and 23-year mean Lden, respectively, which attenuated slightly in our main model (fully-adjusted plus PM2.5: 1.04 [1.00, 1.10]; 1.08 [1.02, 1.13]). Main model estimates suggested the strongest associations between 5-year mean Lden and diabetes (1.14: 0.81, 1.61), ALRIs (1.13: 0.84, 1.54), dementia (1.12: 0.90, 1.38), and stroke (1.10: 0.91, 1.31), whereas associations with 23-year mean Lden were suggested for respiratory diseases (1.15: 0.95, 1.39), psychiatric disorders (1.11: 0.78, 1.59), and all cancers (1.08: 0.99, 1.17).DISCUSSION: Among the female nurses from the DNC, we observed that long-term exposure to road traffic noise led to premature mortality, independently of air pollution, and its adverse effects may extend well beyond those on the cardio-metabolic system to include respiratory diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.

AB - BACKGROUND: Long-term road traffic noise exposure is linked to cardio-metabolic disease morbidity, whereas evidence on mortality remains limited.OBJECTIVES: We investigated association of long-term exposure to road traffic noise with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.METHODS: We linked 22,858 females from the Danish Nurse Cohort (DNC), recruited into the Danish Register of Causes of Death up to 2014. Road traffic noise levels since 1970 were modelled by Nord2000 as the annual mean of a weighted 24 h average (Lden). Cox regression models examined the associations between Lden (5-year and 23-year means) and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities, adjusting for lifestyle and exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide).RESULTS: During follow-up (mean 17.4 years), 3902 nurses died: 1622 from cancer, 922 from CVDs (289 from stroke), 338 from respiratory diseases (186 from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 114 from lower respiratory tract infections [ALRIs]), 234 from dementia, 95 from psychiatric disorders, and 79 from diabetes. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality from fully-adjusted models were 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) and 1.09 (1.03, 1.15) per 10 dB of 5-year and 23-year mean Lden, respectively, which attenuated slightly in our main model (fully-adjusted plus PM2.5: 1.04 [1.00, 1.10]; 1.08 [1.02, 1.13]). Main model estimates suggested the strongest associations between 5-year mean Lden and diabetes (1.14: 0.81, 1.61), ALRIs (1.13: 0.84, 1.54), dementia (1.12: 0.90, 1.38), and stroke (1.10: 0.91, 1.31), whereas associations with 23-year mean Lden were suggested for respiratory diseases (1.15: 0.95, 1.39), psychiatric disorders (1.11: 0.78, 1.59), and all cancers (1.08: 0.99, 1.17).DISCUSSION: Among the female nurses from the DNC, we observed that long-term exposure to road traffic noise led to premature mortality, independently of air pollution, and its adverse effects may extend well beyond those on the cardio-metabolic system to include respiratory diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.

KW - Cohort

KW - Cox regression model

KW - Mortality

KW - Nitrogen dioxide

KW - Particulate matter

KW - Road traffic noise

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85123249895

U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057

DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153057

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35031374

SN - 0048-9697

VL - 820

JO - Science of the Total Environment

JF - Science of the Total Environment

M1 - 153057

ER -

Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a Danish Nurse Cohort study

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