Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

Zorana J. Andersen; Marie Pedersen; Gudrun Weinmayr; Massimo Stafoggia; Claudia Galassi; Jeanette T. Jørgensen; Johan N. Sommar; Bertil Forsberg; David Olsson; Bente Oftedal; Gunn Marit Aasvang; Per Schwarze; Andrei Pyko; Göran Pershagen; Michal Korek; Ulf De Faire; Claes Göran Östenson; Laura Fratiglioni; Kirsten T. Eriksen; Aslak H. Poulsen; Anne Tjønneland; Elvira Vaclavik Braüner; Petra H. Peeters; Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita; Andrea Jaensch; Gabriele Nagel; Alois Lang; Meng Wang; Ming Yi Tsai; Sara Grioni; Alessandro Marcon; Vittorio Krogh; Fulvio Ricceri; Carlotta Sacerdote; Enrica Migliore; Roel Vermeulen; Ranjeet Sokhi; Menno Keuken; Kees De Hoogh; Rob Beelen; Paolo Vineis; Giulia Cesaroni; Bert Brunekreef; Gerard Hoek; Ole Raaschou-Nielsen

doi:10.1093/neuonc/nox163

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

Zorana J. Andersen^*, Marie Pedersen, Gudrun Weinmayr, Massimo Stafoggia, Claudia Galassi, Jeanette T. Jørgensen, Johan N. Sommar, Bertil Forsberg, David Olsson, Bente Oftedal, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Per Schwarze, Andrei Pyko, Göran Pershagen, Michal Korek, Ulf De Faire, Claes Göran Östenson, Laura Fratiglioni, Kirsten T. Eriksen, Aslak H. PoulsenAnne Tjønneland, Elvira Vaclavik Braüner, Petra H. Peeters, Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita, Andrea Jaensch, Gabriele Nagel, Alois Lang, Meng Wang, Ming Yi Tsai, Sara Grioni, Alessandro Marcon, Vittorio Krogh, Fulvio Ricceri, Carlotta Sacerdote, Enrica Migliore, Roel Vermeulen, Ranjeet Sokhi, Menno Keuken, Kees De Hoogh, Rob Beelen, Paolo Vineis, Giulia Cesaroni, Bert Brunekreef, Gerard Hoek, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen

^*Corresponding author for this work

73 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent.

Methods: In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2.5, ≤10, and 2.5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses.

Results: Of 282194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89-3.14 per 10-5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38-2.71 per 10-5/m3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors.

Conclusion: We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.

Original language	English
Journal	Neuro-Oncology
Volume	20
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	420-432
Number of pages	13
ISSN	1522-8517
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox163 https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox163
Publication status	Published - 19 Feb 2018

Keywords

air pollution
brain cancer
brain tumor
traffic

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Andersen, Z. J., Pedersen, M., Weinmayr, G., Stafoggia, M., Galassi, C., Jørgensen, J. T., Sommar, J. N., Forsberg, B., Olsson, D., Oftedal, B., Aasvang, G. M., Schwarze, P., Pyko, A., Pershagen, G., Korek, M., Faire, U. D., Östenson, C. G., Fratiglioni, L., Eriksen, K. T., ... Raaschou-Nielsen, O. (2018). Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). Neuro-Oncology, 20(3), 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox163, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox163

Andersen, ZJ, Pedersen, M, Weinmayr, G, Stafoggia, M, Galassi, C, Jørgensen, JT, Sommar, JN, Forsberg, B, Olsson, D, Oftedal, B, Aasvang, GM, Schwarze, P, Pyko, A, Pershagen, G, Korek, M, Faire, UD, Östenson, CG, Fratiglioni, L, Eriksen, KT, Poulsen, AH, Tjønneland, A, Braüner, EV, Peeters, PH, Bueno-De-Mesquita, B, Jaensch, A, Nagel, G, Lang, A, Wang, M, Tsai, MY, Grioni, S, Marcon, A, Krogh, V, Ricceri, F, Sacerdote, C, Migliore, E, Vermeulen, R, Sokhi, R, Keuken, M, De Hoogh, K, Beelen, R, Vineis, P, Cesaroni, G, Brunekreef, B, Hoek, G & Raaschou-Nielsen, O 2018, 'Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)', Neuro-Oncology, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox163, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox163

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title = "Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)",

abstract = "Background: Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent.Methods: In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2.5, ≤10, and 2.5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses.Results: Of 282194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89-3.14 per 10-5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38-2.71 per 10-5/m3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors.Conclusion: We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.",

keywords = "air pollution, brain cancer, brain tumor, traffic",

author = "Andersen, {Zorana J.} and Marie Pedersen and Gudrun Weinmayr and Massimo Stafoggia and Claudia Galassi and J{\o}rgensen, {Jeanette T.} and Sommar, {Johan N.} and Bertil Forsberg and David Olsson and Bente Oftedal and Aasvang, {Gunn Marit} and Per Schwarze and Andrei Pyko and G{\"o}ran Pershagen and Michal Korek and Faire, {Ulf De} and {\"O}stenson, {Claes G{\"o}ran} and Laura Fratiglioni and Eriksen, {Kirsten T.} and Poulsen, {Aslak H.} and Anne Tj{\o}nneland and Bra{\"u}ner, {Elvira Vaclavik} and Peeters, {Petra H.} and Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita and Andrea Jaensch and Gabriele Nagel and Alois Lang and Meng Wang and Tsai, {Ming Yi} and Sara Grioni and Alessandro Marcon and Vittorio Krogh and Fulvio Ricceri and Carlotta Sacerdote and Enrica Migliore and Roel Vermeulen and Ranjeet Sokhi and Menno Keuken and {De Hoogh}, Kees and Rob Beelen and Paolo Vineis and Giulia Cesaroni and Bert Brunekreef and Gerard Hoek and Ole Raaschou-Nielsen",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology.",

year = "2018",

month = feb,

day = "19",

doi = "10.1093/neuonc/nox163",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

pages = "420--432",

journal = "Neuro-Oncology",

issn = "1522-8517",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor

T2 - the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

AU - Andersen, Zorana J.

AU - Pedersen, Marie

AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun

AU - Stafoggia, Massimo

AU - Galassi, Claudia

AU - Jørgensen, Jeanette T.

AU - Sommar, Johan N.

AU - Forsberg, Bertil

AU - Olsson, David

AU - Oftedal, Bente

AU - Aasvang, Gunn Marit

AU - Schwarze, Per

AU - Pyko, Andrei

AU - Pershagen, Göran

AU - Korek, Michal

AU - Faire, Ulf De

AU - Östenson, Claes Göran

AU - Fratiglioni, Laura

AU - Eriksen, Kirsten T.

AU - Poulsen, Aslak H.

AU - Tjønneland, Anne

AU - Braüner, Elvira Vaclavik

AU - Peeters, Petra H.

AU - Bueno-De-Mesquita, Bas

AU - Jaensch, Andrea

AU - Nagel, Gabriele

AU - Lang, Alois

AU - Wang, Meng

AU - Tsai, Ming Yi

AU - Grioni, Sara

AU - Marcon, Alessandro

AU - Krogh, Vittorio

AU - Ricceri, Fulvio

AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta

AU - Migliore, Enrica

AU - Vermeulen, Roel

AU - Sokhi, Ranjeet

AU - Keuken, Menno

AU - De Hoogh, Kees

AU - Beelen, Rob

AU - Vineis, Paolo

AU - Cesaroni, Giulia

AU - Brunekreef, Bert

AU - Hoek, Gerard

AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

PY - 2018/2/19

Y1 - 2018/2/19

N2 - Background: Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent.Methods: In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2.5, ≤10, and 2.5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses.Results: Of 282194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89-3.14 per 10-5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38-2.71 per 10-5/m3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors.Conclusion: We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.

AB - Background: Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and brain tumor risk is sparse and inconsistent.Methods: In 12 cohorts from 6 European countries, individual estimates of annual mean air pollution levels at the baseline residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2.5, ≤10, and 2.5-10 μm in diameter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse), PM2.5 absorbance, nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx) and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations of air pollutant concentrations and traffic intensity with total, malignant, and nonmalignant brain tumor, in separate Cox regression models, adjusting for risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses.Results: Of 282194 subjects from 12 cohorts, 466 developed malignant brain tumors during 12 years of follow-up. Six of the cohorts also had data on nonmalignant brain tumor, where among 106786 subjects, 366 developed brain tumor: 176 nonmalignant and 190 malignant. We found a positive, statistically nonsignificant association between malignant brain tumor and PM2.5 absorbance (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.67; 0.89-3.14 per 10-5/m3), and weak positive or null associations with the other pollutants. Hazard ratio for PM2.5 absorbance (1.01; 0.38-2.71 per 10-5/m3) and all other pollutants were lower for nonmalignant than for malignant brain tumors.Conclusion: We found suggestive evidence of an association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 absorbance indicating traffic-related air pollution and malignant brain tumors, and no association with overall or nonmalignant brain tumors.

KW - air pollution

KW - brain cancer

KW - brain tumor

KW - traffic

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042325926&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/neuonc/nox163

DO - 10.1093/neuonc/nox163

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29016987

SN - 1522-8517

VL - 20

SP - 420

EP - 432

JO - Neuro-Oncology

JF - Neuro-Oncology

IS - 3

ER -

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of brain tumor: the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)

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