Glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to glucose intolerance among Greenland's Inuit population

Marieke A van Aerde; Daniel R Witte; Charlotte Jeppesen; Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu; Peter Bjerregaard; Marit E Jørgensen

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2012.05.005

Glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to glucose intolerance among Greenland's Inuit population

Marieke A van Aerde, Daniel R Witte, Charlotte Jeppesen, Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu, Peter Bjerregaard, Marit E Jørgensen

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intake of carbohydrates which elicit a large glycemic response is hypothesized to increase the risk of diabetes. However, studies assessing the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and diabetes are inconsistent. Only few studies have studied the relationship between GI and GL and markers of glucose metabolism, mostly in western populations.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between GI and GL and indices of glucose metabolism and prevalence of diabetes in Greenland's Inuit population.

DESIGN: The Inuit Health in Transition Study is a geographically representative cross-sectional study among aged ≥18years. Diet was assessed using a 67-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic and linear regression was used to assess the association between GI and GL and diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, HbA(1c), fasting plasma glucose, 2h plasma glucose, HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%β.

RESULTS: No association was found between GI and GL and diabetes. GL was significantly inversely associated with IFG (OR: 0.91 (0.84-0.98)). While GI was positively associated with FPG, GL was positively associated with both HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%β and inversely associated with IFG.

CONCLUSION: These findings do not support a link between dietary GI or GL and risk of type 2 diabetes among Greenland's Inuit population.

Original language	English
Journal	Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume	97
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	298-305
Number of pages	8
ISSN	0168-8227
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2012.05.005
Publication status	Published - Aug 2012
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Adult
Blood Glucose
Body Mass Index
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates
Fasting
Female
Glucose Intolerance
Glycemic Index
Greenland
Humans
Inuits
Male
Risk Factors
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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10.1016/j.diabres.2012.05.005

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@article{c0412834d94243e5b5274104f10a7379,

title = "Glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to glucose intolerance among Greenland's Inuit population",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Intake of carbohydrates which elicit a large glycemic response is hypothesized to increase the risk of diabetes. However, studies assessing the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and diabetes are inconsistent. Only few studies have studied the relationship between GI and GL and markers of glucose metabolism, mostly in western populations.OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between GI and GL and indices of glucose metabolism and prevalence of diabetes in Greenland's Inuit population.DESIGN: The Inuit Health in Transition Study is a geographically representative cross-sectional study among aged ≥18years. Diet was assessed using a 67-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic and linear regression was used to assess the association between GI and GL and diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, HbA(1c), fasting plasma glucose, 2h plasma glucose, HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-\%β.RESULTS: No association was found between GI and GL and diabetes. GL was significantly inversely associated with IFG (OR: 0.91 (0.84-0.98)). While GI was positively associated with FPG, GL was positively associated with both HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-\%β and inversely associated with IFG.CONCLUSION: These findings do not support a link between dietary GI or GL and risk of type 2 diabetes among Greenland's Inuit population.",

keywords = "Adult, Blood Glucose, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Fasting, Female, Glucose Intolerance, Glycemic Index, Greenland, Humans, Inuits, Male, Risk Factors, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",

author = "\{van Aerde\}, \{Marieke A\} and Witte, \{Daniel R\} and Charlotte Jeppesen and Soedamah-Muthu, \{Sabita S\} and Peter Bjerregaard and J{\o}rgensen, \{Marit E\}",

year = "2012",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1016/j.diabres.2012.05.005",

language = "English",

volume = "97",

pages = "298--305",

journal = "Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice",

issn = "0168-8227",

publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to glucose intolerance among Greenland's Inuit population

AU - van Aerde, Marieke A

AU - Witte, Daniel R

AU - Jeppesen, Charlotte

AU - Soedamah-Muthu, Sabita S

AU - Bjerregaard, Peter

AU - Jørgensen, Marit E

PY - 2012/8

Y1 - 2012/8

N2 - BACKGROUND: Intake of carbohydrates which elicit a large glycemic response is hypothesized to increase the risk of diabetes. However, studies assessing the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and diabetes are inconsistent. Only few studies have studied the relationship between GI and GL and markers of glucose metabolism, mostly in western populations.OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between GI and GL and indices of glucose metabolism and prevalence of diabetes in Greenland's Inuit population.DESIGN: The Inuit Health in Transition Study is a geographically representative cross-sectional study among aged ≥18years. Diet was assessed using a 67-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic and linear regression was used to assess the association between GI and GL and diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, HbA(1c), fasting plasma glucose, 2h plasma glucose, HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%β.RESULTS: No association was found between GI and GL and diabetes. GL was significantly inversely associated with IFG (OR: 0.91 (0.84-0.98)). While GI was positively associated with FPG, GL was positively associated with both HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%β and inversely associated with IFG.CONCLUSION: These findings do not support a link between dietary GI or GL and risk of type 2 diabetes among Greenland's Inuit population.

AB - BACKGROUND: Intake of carbohydrates which elicit a large glycemic response is hypothesized to increase the risk of diabetes. However, studies assessing the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and diabetes are inconsistent. Only few studies have studied the relationship between GI and GL and markers of glucose metabolism, mostly in western populations.OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between GI and GL and indices of glucose metabolism and prevalence of diabetes in Greenland's Inuit population.DESIGN: The Inuit Health in Transition Study is a geographically representative cross-sectional study among aged ≥18years. Diet was assessed using a 67-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic and linear regression was used to assess the association between GI and GL and diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, HbA(1c), fasting plasma glucose, 2h plasma glucose, HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%β.RESULTS: No association was found between GI and GL and diabetes. GL was significantly inversely associated with IFG (OR: 0.91 (0.84-0.98)). While GI was positively associated with FPG, GL was positively associated with both HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-%β and inversely associated with IFG.CONCLUSION: These findings do not support a link between dietary GI or GL and risk of type 2 diabetes among Greenland's Inuit population.

KW - Adult

KW - Blood Glucose

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

KW - Diet

KW - Dietary Carbohydrates

KW - Fasting

KW - Female

KW - Glucose Intolerance

KW - Glycemic Index

KW - Greenland

KW - Humans

KW - Inuits

KW - Male

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Journal Article

KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84865086011

U2 - 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.05.005

DO - 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.05.005

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22613264

SN - 0168-8227

VL - 97

SP - 298

EP - 305

JO - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

JF - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

IS - 2

ER -

Glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to glucose intolerance among Greenland's Inuit population

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Keywords

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