Abstract
The GLP-1 analogues exenatide and liraglutide stimulate insulin secretion and inhibit glucagon output in a glucose-dependent manner, slow gastric emptying and decrease appetite. The injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist exenatide significantly improves glycaemic control, with average reductions in HbA1c of about 1.0% point, fasting plasma glucose of about 1.4 mmol l(-1), and causes a weight loss of approximately 2-3 kg after 30 weeks of treatment. The adverse effects are transient nausea and vomiting. The long-acting once-daily human GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide reduces HbA1c by about 1.0-2.0% point, weight by 1-3 kg and seems to have fewer gastrointestinal side effects than exenatide. The final place of the GLP-1 receptor agonists in the diabetes treatment algorithm will be clarified when we have long-term trials with cardiovascular end-points and data illustrating the effects on the progression of type 2 diabetes.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Journal | Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism |
Volume | 23 |
Issue number | 4 |
Pages (from-to) | 463-77 |
Number of pages | 14 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2009 |
Keywords
- Anti-Obesity Agents
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
- Delayed-Action Preparations
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
- Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated
- Humans
- Peptides
- Receptors, Glucagon
- Venoms