Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

Christina Bruun Knudsen; Nicoline Hemager; Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen; Maja Gregersen; Aja Neergaard Greve; Anna Krogh Andreassen; Lotte Veddum; Julie Marie Brandt; Mette Falkenberg Krantz; Anne Søndergaard; Birgitte Klee Burton; Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup; Merete Nordentoft; Rikke Lambek; Ole Mors; Vibeke Fuglsang Bliksted

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbac198

Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

Christina Bruun Knudsen, Nicoline Hemager, Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen, Maja Gregersen, Aja Neergaard Greve, Anna Krogh Andreassen, Lotte Veddum, Julie Marie Brandt, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Anne Søndergaard, Birgitte Klee Burton, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup, Merete Nordentoft, Rikke Lambek, Ole Mors, Vibeke Fuglsang Bliksted

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Familial high-risk (FHR) studies examining longitudinal associations between neurocognition and psychotic experiences are currently lacking. We hypothesized neurocognitive impairments at age 7 to be associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (PBC), and further, impaired functioning in some neurocognitive functions to be associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP relative to PBC.

STUDY DESIGN: Neurocognition was assessed at age 7 (early childhood) and psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 (middle childhood) in 449 children from the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. The neurocognitive assessment covered intelligence, processing speed, attention, visuospatial and verbal memory, working memory, and set-shifting. Psychotic experiences were assessed through face-to-face interviews with the primary caregiver and the child.

STUDY RESULTS: Set-shifting impairments at age 7 were associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at FHR-SZ. Children at FHR-BP and PBC showed no differential associations. Working memory and visuospatial memory impairments were related to increased risk of psychotic experiences across the cohort. However, adjusting for concurrent psychopathology attenuated these findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Early childhood neurocognitive impairments are risk markers of middle childhood psychotic experiences, of which impaired set-shifting appears to further increase the risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ. More research is needed to examine longitudinal associations between neurocognitive impairments and psychotic experiences in FHR samples.

Original language	English
Journal	Schizophrenia Bulletin
Volume	49
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	756-767
Number of pages	12
ISSN	0586-7614
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac198
Publication status	Published - 3 May 2023

Keywords

Bipolar Disorder/psychology
Child
Child, Preschool
Denmark/epidemiology
Humans
Memory, Short-Term
Neuropsychological Tests
Psychotic Disorders/psychology
Schizophrenia

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Knudsen, C. B., Hemager, N., Jepsen, J. R. M., Gregersen, M., Greve, A. N., Andreassen, A. K., Veddum, L., Brandt, J. M., Krantz, M. F., Søndergaard, A., Burton, B. K., Thorup, A. A. E., Nordentoft, M., Lambek, R., Mors, O., & Bliksted, V. F. (2023). Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 49(3), 756-767. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac198

Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. / Knudsen, Christina Bruun; Hemager, Nicoline ; Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard et al.
In: Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 49, No. 3, 03.05.2023, p. 756-767.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Knudsen, CB, Hemager, N , Jepsen, JRM , Gregersen, M, Greve, AN, Andreassen, AK, Veddum, L, Brandt, JM, Krantz, MF, Søndergaard, A , Burton, BK , Thorup, AAE , Nordentoft, M, Lambek, R, Mors, O & Bliksted, VF 2023, 'Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study', Schizophrenia Bulletin, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 756-767. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac198

Knudsen CB, Hemager N , Jepsen JRM , Gregersen M, Greve AN, Andreassen AK et al. Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2023 May 3;49(3):756-767. Epub 2022 Dec 22. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbac198

Knudsen, Christina Bruun ; Hemager, Nicoline ; Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard et al. / Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls : The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. In: Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2023 ; Vol. 49, No. 3. pp. 756-767.

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title = "Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Familial high-risk (FHR) studies examining longitudinal associations between neurocognition and psychotic experiences are currently lacking. We hypothesized neurocognitive impairments at age 7 to be associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (PBC), and further, impaired functioning in some neurocognitive functions to be associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP relative to PBC.STUDY DESIGN: Neurocognition was assessed at age 7 (early childhood) and psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 (middle childhood) in 449 children from the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. The neurocognitive assessment covered intelligence, processing speed, attention, visuospatial and verbal memory, working memory, and set-shifting. Psychotic experiences were assessed through face-to-face interviews with the primary caregiver and the child.STUDY RESULTS: Set-shifting impairments at age 7 were associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at FHR-SZ. Children at FHR-BP and PBC showed no differential associations. Working memory and visuospatial memory impairments were related to increased risk of psychotic experiences across the cohort. However, adjusting for concurrent psychopathology attenuated these findings.CONCLUSIONS: Early childhood neurocognitive impairments are risk markers of middle childhood psychotic experiences, of which impaired set-shifting appears to further increase the risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ. More research is needed to examine longitudinal associations between neurocognitive impairments and psychotic experiences in FHR samples.",

keywords = "Bipolar Disorder/psychology, Child, Child, Preschool, Denmark/epidemiology, Humans, Memory, Short-Term, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychotic Disorders/psychology, Schizophrenia",

author = "Knudsen, {Christina Bruun} and Nicoline Hemager and Jepsen, {Jens Richardt M{\o}llegaard} and Maja Gregersen and Greve, {Aja Neergaard} and Andreassen, {Anna Krogh} and Lotte Veddum and Brandt, {Julie Marie} and Krantz, {Mette Falkenberg} and Anne S{\o}ndergaard and Burton, {Birgitte Klee} and Thorup, {Anne Amalie Elgaard} and Merete Nordentoft and Rikke Lambek and Ole Mors and Bliksted, {Vibeke Fuglsang}",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: [email protected].",

year = "2023",

month = may,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1093/schbul/sbac198",

language = "English",

volume = "49",

pages = "756--767",

journal = "Schizophrenia Bulletin",

issn = "0586-7614",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls

T2 - The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

AU - Knudsen, Christina Bruun

AU - Hemager, Nicoline

AU - Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard

AU - Gregersen, Maja

AU - Greve, Aja Neergaard

AU - Andreassen, Anna Krogh

AU - Veddum, Lotte

AU - Brandt, Julie Marie

AU - Krantz, Mette Falkenberg

AU - Søndergaard, Anne

AU - Burton, Birgitte Klee

AU - Thorup, Anne Amalie Elgaard

AU - Nordentoft, Merete

AU - Lambek, Rikke

AU - Mors, Ole

AU - Bliksted, Vibeke Fuglsang

PY - 2023/5/3

Y1 - 2023/5/3

N2 - BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Familial high-risk (FHR) studies examining longitudinal associations between neurocognition and psychotic experiences are currently lacking. We hypothesized neurocognitive impairments at age 7 to be associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (PBC), and further, impaired functioning in some neurocognitive functions to be associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP relative to PBC.STUDY DESIGN: Neurocognition was assessed at age 7 (early childhood) and psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 (middle childhood) in 449 children from the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. The neurocognitive assessment covered intelligence, processing speed, attention, visuospatial and verbal memory, working memory, and set-shifting. Psychotic experiences were assessed through face-to-face interviews with the primary caregiver and the child.STUDY RESULTS: Set-shifting impairments at age 7 were associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at FHR-SZ. Children at FHR-BP and PBC showed no differential associations. Working memory and visuospatial memory impairments were related to increased risk of psychotic experiences across the cohort. However, adjusting for concurrent psychopathology attenuated these findings.CONCLUSIONS: Early childhood neurocognitive impairments are risk markers of middle childhood psychotic experiences, of which impaired set-shifting appears to further increase the risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ. More research is needed to examine longitudinal associations between neurocognitive impairments and psychotic experiences in FHR samples.

AB - BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Familial high-risk (FHR) studies examining longitudinal associations between neurocognition and psychotic experiences are currently lacking. We hypothesized neurocognitive impairments at age 7 to be associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (PBC), and further, impaired functioning in some neurocognitive functions to be associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP relative to PBC.STUDY DESIGN: Neurocognition was assessed at age 7 (early childhood) and psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 (middle childhood) in 449 children from the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. The neurocognitive assessment covered intelligence, processing speed, attention, visuospatial and verbal memory, working memory, and set-shifting. Psychotic experiences were assessed through face-to-face interviews with the primary caregiver and the child.STUDY RESULTS: Set-shifting impairments at age 7 were associated with greater risk of psychotic experiences from age 7 to 11 in children at FHR-SZ. Children at FHR-BP and PBC showed no differential associations. Working memory and visuospatial memory impairments were related to increased risk of psychotic experiences across the cohort. However, adjusting for concurrent psychopathology attenuated these findings.CONCLUSIONS: Early childhood neurocognitive impairments are risk markers of middle childhood psychotic experiences, of which impaired set-shifting appears to further increase the risk of psychotic experiences in children at FHR-SZ. More research is needed to examine longitudinal associations between neurocognitive impairments and psychotic experiences in FHR samples.

KW - Bipolar Disorder/psychology

KW - Child

KW - Child, Preschool

KW - Denmark/epidemiology

KW - Humans

KW - Memory, Short-Term

KW - Neuropsychological Tests

KW - Psychotic Disorders/psychology

KW - Schizophrenia

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U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbac198

DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbac198

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 36548470

SN - 0586-7614

VL - 49

SP - 756

EP - 767

JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin

JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin

IS - 3

ER -

Early Childhood Neurocognition in Relation to Middle Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and Population-Based Controls: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

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