Cardiovascular implications of MASLD: overview of the evidence

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly prevalent and encompasses a spectrum from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), with potential progression to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: This review provides an overview of the link between MASLD and cardiovascular disease.

RESULTS: MASLD is closely linked to metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular disease, evidenced by increased coronary artery calcification, carotid intima-media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue, and pulse wave velocity, along with decreased flow-mediated dilation. These cardiovascular complications significantly heighten the risk of cardiovascular events and overall mortality.

CONCLUSION: MASLD seems to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor, but further studies are warranted to clarify the distinct impacts of MASLD stages and their interplay with MS on cardiovascular outcomes.