TY - JOUR
T1 - A Systematic Review of the Circadian Rhythm of Bone Markers in Blood
AU - Diemar, Sarah Seberg
AU - Dahl, Stig Søgaard
AU - West, Anders Sode
AU - Simonsen, Sofie Amalie
AU - Iversen, Helle Klingenberg
AU - Jørgensen, Niklas Rye
N1 - © 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - There exists a marked circadian variation for several bone markers (BM), which is influenced by endogenous as well as exogenous factors including hormones, physical activity, and fasting. Consequently, was the aim of this review to provide an overview of the knowledge of the circadian variation of BM and which factors influence this rhythmicity. A systematic search of PubMed was performed for studies evaluating the circadian variation of BM and which factors influence this rhythmicity. The studies were screened for eligibility by a set of predetermined criteria including a list of relevant BM and a minimum study duration of 24 h with at least 3 blood samples of which two should be at least 6 h apart. In total were 29 papers included. There exists a marked circadian variation for most BM including Carboxy-terminal Cross-Linked Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin (OC) with nighttime or early morning peak. Pro-collagen Type I N-terminal Propeptide (PINP) and PTH also showed circadian rhythm but with less amplitude. The inter-osteoblast-osteoclast regulatory markers such as OPG, RANKL, FGF23, and sclerostin showed no circadian rhythm. The markers were differently affected by exogenous factors like fasting, which greatly reduced the circadian variation of CTX but did not affect PINP or OC. The marked circadian variation and the factors which influence the rhythmicity, e.g., fasting are of great consequence when measuring BM. To reduce variation and heighten validity should circadian variation and fasting be kept in mind when measuring BM.
AB - There exists a marked circadian variation for several bone markers (BM), which is influenced by endogenous as well as exogenous factors including hormones, physical activity, and fasting. Consequently, was the aim of this review to provide an overview of the knowledge of the circadian variation of BM and which factors influence this rhythmicity. A systematic search of PubMed was performed for studies evaluating the circadian variation of BM and which factors influence this rhythmicity. The studies were screened for eligibility by a set of predetermined criteria including a list of relevant BM and a minimum study duration of 24 h with at least 3 blood samples of which two should be at least 6 h apart. In total were 29 papers included. There exists a marked circadian variation for most BM including Carboxy-terminal Cross-Linked Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin (OC) with nighttime or early morning peak. Pro-collagen Type I N-terminal Propeptide (PINP) and PTH also showed circadian rhythm but with less amplitude. The inter-osteoblast-osteoclast regulatory markers such as OPG, RANKL, FGF23, and sclerostin showed no circadian rhythm. The markers were differently affected by exogenous factors like fasting, which greatly reduced the circadian variation of CTX but did not affect PINP or OC. The marked circadian variation and the factors which influence the rhythmicity, e.g., fasting are of great consequence when measuring BM. To reduce variation and heighten validity should circadian variation and fasting be kept in mind when measuring BM.
KW - Bone turnover markers
KW - Circadian rhythm
KW - Carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type i collagen
KW - Pro-collagen type I N-terminal propeptide
KW - Osteocalcin
KW - Sclerostin
KW - Parathyroid hormone
KW - Fibroblast growth factor 23
KW - Bone and Bones
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Collagen Type I
KW - Circadian Rhythm
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126753327&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00223-022-00965-1
DO - 10.1007/s00223-022-00965-1
M3 - Review
C2 - 35305134
SN - 0171-967X
VL - 112
SP - 126
EP - 147
JO - Calcified Tissue International
JF - Calcified Tissue International
IS - 2
ER -