TY - JOUR
T1 - Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence and guidance for management
AU - Chapman, M John
AU - Ginsberg, Henry N
AU - Amarenco, Pierre
AU - Andreotti, Felicita
AU - Borén, Jan
AU - Catapano, Alberico L
AU - Descamps, Olivier S
AU - Fisher, Edward
AU - Kovanen, Petri T
AU - Kuivenhoven, Jan Albert
AU - Lesnik, Philippe
AU - Masana, Luis
AU - Nordestgaard, Børge G
AU - Ray, Kausik K
AU - Reiner, Zeljko
AU - Taskinen, Marja-Riitta
AU - Tokgözoglu, Lale
AU - Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne
AU - Watts, Gerald F
AU - European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Even at low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal, patients with cardiometabolic abnormalities remain at high risk of cardiovascular events. This paper aims (i) to critically appraise evidence for elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as cardiovascular risk factors, and (ii) to advise on therapeutic strategies for management. Current evidence supports a causal association between elevated TRL and their remnants, low HDL-C, and cardiovascular risk. This interpretation is based on mechanistic and genetic studies for TRL and remnants, together with the epidemiological data suggestive of the association for circulating triglycerides and cardiovascular disease. For HDL, epidemiological, mechanistic, and clinical intervention data are consistent with the view that low HDL-C contributes to elevated cardiovascular risk; genetic evidence is unclear however, potentially reflecting the complexity of HDL metabolism. The Panel believes that therapeutic targeting of elevated triglycerides (≥ 1.7 mmol/L or 150 mg/dL), a marker of TRL and their remnants, and/or low HDL-C (
AB - Even at low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal, patients with cardiometabolic abnormalities remain at high risk of cardiovascular events. This paper aims (i) to critically appraise evidence for elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as cardiovascular risk factors, and (ii) to advise on therapeutic strategies for management. Current evidence supports a causal association between elevated TRL and their remnants, low HDL-C, and cardiovascular risk. This interpretation is based on mechanistic and genetic studies for TRL and remnants, together with the epidemiological data suggestive of the association for circulating triglycerides and cardiovascular disease. For HDL, epidemiological, mechanistic, and clinical intervention data are consistent with the view that low HDL-C contributes to elevated cardiovascular risk; genetic evidence is unclear however, potentially reflecting the complexity of HDL metabolism. The Panel believes that therapeutic targeting of elevated triglycerides (≥ 1.7 mmol/L or 150 mg/dL), a marker of TRL and their remnants, and/or low HDL-C (
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases
KW - Cholesterol, HDL
KW - Clinical Trials as Topic
KW - Dyslipidemias
KW - Fatty Acids, Omega-3
KW - Fibric Acids
KW - Forecasting
KW - Humans
KW - Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
KW - Hypolipidemic Agents
KW - Life Style
KW - Lipid Metabolism
KW - Lipoproteins
KW - Niacin
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Triglycerides
U2 - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr112
DO - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr112
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 21531743
SN - 0195-668X
VL - 32
SP - 1345
EP - 1361
JO - European Heart Journal (English Edition)
JF - European Heart Journal (English Edition)
IS - 11
ER -