Treatment of extremely preterm infants: Parents' attitudes

Aim: To conduct a survey of the attitude towards treatment of extremely preterm infants by comparing the attitude towards life-saving treatment between a group of parents of extremely preterm children and parents in the general population. The importance the two groups of respondents assigned to parental preferences was also investigated. Methods: A Danish national cohort of children born from 1994 to 1995 with a birthweight below 1000 g or a gestational age below 28 wk were assessed in a 5-y follow-up study including a reference group of children born at term. The parents of the children were given a sequence of case vignettes presenting different clinical situations, which formed part of a questionnaire. Results: More than 80% of 222 possible index respondents and 76 possible reference respondents fulfilled the vignettes. Both groups of respondents were positive towards life-saving treatment of extremely preterm infants. The recommendations given by both groups were significantly influenced by the hypothetical child's risk of having a serious handicap and the parents' preferences. The results suggest that parents of extremely preterm children do not have a more conservative attitude towards life-saving treatment of extremely preterm infants than parents in the general population, and also support the view that parents' preferences should influence treatment decisions; although many believe that these should not be decisive. Conclusion: Compared to the general population, parents of children born extremely preterm did not express a more conservative attitude towards life-saving treatment of extremely preterm infants.