Toward Standardization of Laboratory Terminology

Background: Laboratory medicine is fundamental to evidence-based healthcare, providing critical data on human properties for diagnosing and managing diseases. The increasing complexity and size of laboratory data necessitate robust information technology (IT) systems for efficient management. Purpose: This manuscript elucidates the roles and infrastructure requirements of laboratory IT systems by stating the purposes of laboratory medicine and examining the challenges and prerequisites associated with their achievement. Methods: We explore the primary purpose of laboratory medicine in supporting clinical decisions and the opportunities for secondary data use. The challenges of data heterogeneity, insufficient and lack of metadata, and the need for standardized terminologies are addressed. We further emphasize the prerequisites including international collaboration and education. Results: Technological advancements have enabled automation in laboratories, reducing errors, improving quality, and increasing efficiency and capacity for 24/7 sample processing. IT systems facilitate rapid results, enhance resource allocation, and manage the entire testing process from ordering to result interpretation. The establishment of two coherent and comprehensive laboratory information models - one for communication in the laboratory and another for communication between diverse health care providers - is proposed as essential for accurate data exchange and maximizing data utility. Conclusion: Achieving successful exchange of laboratory results and optimal use of laboratory data hinge on international collaboration, shared resource commitment, and an approach to standardised terminologies and data structures. This work lays the foundation for ongoing efforts to develop international laboratory information models, critical for advancing patient care and leveraging the full potential of laboratory medicine.