TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of quantitative ultrasound in the assessment of bone
T2 - a review
AU - Prins, S H
AU - Jørgensen, H L
AU - Jørgensen, L V
AU - Hassager, C
PY - 1998/1
Y1 - 1998/1
N2 - Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) bone measurement is a promising, relatively new technique for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Unlike to the more established method of bone densitometry [measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) e.g. using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)], QUS does not use ionizing radiation. It is cheaper, takes up less space and is easier to use than densitometry techniques. The two QUS parameters currently measured are broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS). The reported age-related changes for healthy women range from -0.27% to -1.62% per year for BUA and from -0.06% to -0.19% per year for SOS. Precision ranges from 1.0 to 3.8% (CV) for BUA and from 0.19 to 0.30% (CV) for SOS. The new method of imaging ultrasound has improved the precision of QUS measurements. QUS is significantly correlated with BMD. Studies with the latest equipment have shown r-values between 0.6 and 0.9 in site-specific measurements, and QUS is thus believed to reflect mainly BMD. However, other studies indicate that QUS measures something other than the actual mineral content of bone, namely bone quality, e.g. in vitro studies have shown that QUS reflects trabecular orientation independently of BMD. In both cross-sectional and prospective studies, QUS seems to be as good a predictor of osteoporotic fractures as BMD. In two large prospective studies, QUS also predicted fracture risk independently of BMD. QUS has just begun to be used systematically for monitoring the response to anti-osteoporotic treatments in prospective trials. In the studies performed, QUS has been found to be useful in the follow-up of patients. QUS is thus a promising new technique for bone assessment.
AB - Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) bone measurement is a promising, relatively new technique for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Unlike to the more established method of bone densitometry [measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) e.g. using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)], QUS does not use ionizing radiation. It is cheaper, takes up less space and is easier to use than densitometry techniques. The two QUS parameters currently measured are broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS). The reported age-related changes for healthy women range from -0.27% to -1.62% per year for BUA and from -0.06% to -0.19% per year for SOS. Precision ranges from 1.0 to 3.8% (CV) for BUA and from 0.19 to 0.30% (CV) for SOS. The new method of imaging ultrasound has improved the precision of QUS measurements. QUS is significantly correlated with BMD. Studies with the latest equipment have shown r-values between 0.6 and 0.9 in site-specific measurements, and QUS is thus believed to reflect mainly BMD. However, other studies indicate that QUS measures something other than the actual mineral content of bone, namely bone quality, e.g. in vitro studies have shown that QUS reflects trabecular orientation independently of BMD. In both cross-sectional and prospective studies, QUS seems to be as good a predictor of osteoporotic fractures as BMD. In two large prospective studies, QUS also predicted fracture risk independently of BMD. QUS has just begun to be used systematically for monitoring the response to anti-osteoporotic treatments in prospective trials. In the studies performed, QUS has been found to be useful in the follow-up of patients. QUS is thus a promising new technique for bone assessment.
KW - Bone Density/physiology
KW - Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Osteoporosis/diagnostic imaging
KW - Ultrasonography
U2 - 10.1046/j.1365-2281.1998.00067.x
DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2281.1998.00067.x
M3 - Review
C2 - 9545615
SN - 0144-5979
VL - 18
SP - 3
EP - 17
JO - Clinical physiology (Oxford, England)
JF - Clinical physiology (Oxford, England)
IS - 1
ER -