Abstract
Background
Train-the-trainer (TTT) models are educational models that disseminate knowledge by training
professionals in educating other healthcare professionals within an organization. Given their costeffective
potential, TTT models have been widely applied within health care systems around the
world, but evidence of their effectiveness remains unclear. We systematically reviewed studies
evaluating the impact of TTT models on the learning outcomes of nurses.
Summary Of Work
The reporting of our systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 checklist. Records identified from
MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and ERIC were independently screened by two researchers. Studies were
eligible if they had evaluated learning outcomes of a TTT models targeting nurses. The quality of each
study was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools and data of study
characteristics extracted (objective, design, population, outcomes, results) Heterogeneity of
outcomes ruled out meta-analysis; a narrative synthesis and vote counting based on direction of
effects (pWeb.
Summary Of Results
Of the 3800 records identified, 11 studies were included. The studies were published between 1998
and 2021 and mostly performed in the US or Northern Europe. Nine studies had quasi-experimental
designs and two was Randomized Controlled Trials. All evaluated effects on nurses of which two also
included nurses’ assistants. The outcomes measured knowledge (n=10), skills (n=2) or practice (n=1).
The direction of effects of the 13 outcomes measured in the 11 included studies were all beneficial.
The statistical analysis of the vote counting showed that TTT programs could significantly (pimprove trainees’ knowledge, but the number of outcomes measuring impact on skills or practice
was insufficient for synthesis.
Discussion And Conclusion
This review shows that TTT-programs can successfully disseminate knowledge within healthcare
systems. Considering the nurse shortages faced by most Western healthcare systems TTT models
that train nurses to train other nurses can be a timesaving and sustainable way of delivering
education. However, comparative studies that evaluate effects on practice are needed to infer
whether TTT programs are better alternatives to other educational models.
Take Home Messages
TTT-programs can effectively disseminate knowledge within healthcare systems. Future research can
clarify whether TTT-models are a timesaving and sustainable educational model.
Train-the-trainer (TTT) models are educational models that disseminate knowledge by training
professionals in educating other healthcare professionals within an organization. Given their costeffective
potential, TTT models have been widely applied within health care systems around the
world, but evidence of their effectiveness remains unclear. We systematically reviewed studies
evaluating the impact of TTT models on the learning outcomes of nurses.
Summary Of Work
The reporting of our systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 checklist. Records identified from
MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and ERIC were independently screened by two researchers. Studies were
eligible if they had evaluated learning outcomes of a TTT models targeting nurses. The quality of each
study was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools and data of study
characteristics extracted (objective, design, population, outcomes, results) Heterogeneity of
outcomes ruled out meta-analysis; a narrative synthesis and vote counting based on direction of
effects (pWeb.
Summary Of Results
Of the 3800 records identified, 11 studies were included. The studies were published between 1998
and 2021 and mostly performed in the US or Northern Europe. Nine studies had quasi-experimental
designs and two was Randomized Controlled Trials. All evaluated effects on nurses of which two also
included nurses’ assistants. The outcomes measured knowledge (n=10), skills (n=2) or practice (n=1).
The direction of effects of the 13 outcomes measured in the 11 included studies were all beneficial.
The statistical analysis of the vote counting showed that TTT programs could significantly (pimprove trainees’ knowledge, but the number of outcomes measuring impact on skills or practice
was insufficient for synthesis.
Discussion And Conclusion
This review shows that TTT-programs can successfully disseminate knowledge within healthcare
systems. Considering the nurse shortages faced by most Western healthcare systems TTT models
that train nurses to train other nurses can be a timesaving and sustainable way of delivering
education. However, comparative studies that evaluate effects on practice are needed to infer
whether TTT programs are better alternatives to other educational models.
Take Home Messages
TTT-programs can effectively disseminate knowledge within healthcare systems. Future research can
clarify whether TTT-models are a timesaving and sustainable educational model.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Publikationsdato | 30 aug. 2023 |
Status | Udgivet - 30 aug. 2023 |
Begivenhed | Association for medical education in europe 2023 - Glasgow Varighed: 27 aug. 2023 → 30 aug. 2023 |
Konference
Konference | Association for medical education in europe 2023 |
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Lokation | Glasgow |
Periode | 27/08/2023 → 30/08/2023 |
Emneord
- Sundhedsvidenskab
- education
- train -the - trainer