The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic

Maanasa Raghavan; Michael DeGiorgio; Anders Albrechtsen; Ida Moltke; Pontus Skoglund; Thorfinn S Korneliussen; Bjarne Grønnow; Martin Appelt; Hans Christian Gulløv; T Max Friesen; William Fitzhugh; Helena Malmström; Simon Rasmussen; Jesper Olsen; Linea Melchior; Benjamin T Fuller; Simon M Fahrni; Thomas Stafford; Vaughan Grimes; M A Priscilla Renouf; Jerome Cybulski; Niels Lynnerup; Marta Mirazon Lahr; Kate Britton; Rick Knecht; Jette Arneborg; Mait Metspalu; Omar E Cornejo; Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas; Yong Wang; Morten Rasmussen; Vibha Raghavan; Thomas vO Hansen; Elza Khusnutdinova; Tracey Pierre; Kirill Dneprovsky; Claus Andreasen; Hans Lange; M Geoffrey Hayes; Joan Coltrain; Victor A Spitsyn; Anders Götherström; Ludovic Orlando; Toomas Kivisild; Richard Villems; Michael H Crawford; Finn C Nielsen; Jørgen Dissing; Jan Heinemeier; Morten Meldgaard; Carlos Bustamante; Dennis H O'Rourke; Mattias Jakobsson; M Thomas P Gilbert; Rasmus Nielsen; Eske Willerslev

doi:10.1126/science.1255832

The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic

Maanasa Raghavan, Michael DeGiorgio, Anders Albrechtsen, Ida Moltke, Pontus Skoglund, Thorfinn S Korneliussen, Bjarne Grønnow, Martin Appelt, Hans Christian Gulløv, T Max Friesen, William Fitzhugh, Helena Malmström, Simon Rasmussen, Jesper Olsen, Linea Melchior, Benjamin T Fuller, Simon M Fahrni, Thomas Stafford, Vaughan Grimes, M A Priscilla RenoufJerome Cybulski, Niels Lynnerup, Marta Mirazon Lahr, Kate Britton, Rick Knecht, Jette Arneborg, Mait Metspalu, Omar E Cornejo, Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas, Yong Wang, Morten Rasmussen, Vibha Raghavan, Thomas vO Hansen, Elza Khusnutdinova, Tracey Pierre, Kirill Dneprovsky, Claus Andreasen, Hans Lange, M Geoffrey Hayes, Joan Coltrain, Victor A Spitsyn, Anders Götherström, Ludovic Orlando, Toomas Kivisild, Richard Villems, Michael H Crawford, Finn C Nielsen, Jørgen Dissing, Jan Heinemeier, Morten Meldgaard, Carlos Bustamante, Dennis H O'Rourke, Mattias Jakobsson, M Thomas P Gilbert, Rasmus Nielsen, Eske Willerslev

Afdeling for Genomisk Medicin DIA

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Abstract

The New World Arctic, the last region of the Americas to be populated by humans, has a relatively well-researched archaeology, but an understanding of its genetic history is lacking. We present genome-wide sequence data from ancient and present-day humans from Greenland, Arctic Canada, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Siberia. We show that Paleo-Eskimos (~3000 BCE to 1300 CE) represent a migration pulse into the Americas independent of both Native American and Inuit expansions. Furthermore, the genetic continuity characterizing the Paleo-Eskimo period was interrupted by the arrival of a new population, representing the ancestors of present-day Inuit, with evidence of past gene flow between these lineages. Despite periodic abandonment of major Arctic regions, a single Paleo-Eskimo metapopulation likely survived in near-isolation for more than 4000 years, only to vanish around 700 years ago.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Science
Vol/bind	345
Udgave nummer	6200
Sider (fra-til)	e1255832
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1255832
Status	Udgivet - 29 aug. 2014

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Raghavan, M., DeGiorgio, M., Albrechtsen, A., Moltke, I., Skoglund, P., Korneliussen, T. S., Grønnow, B., Appelt, M., Gulløv, H. C., Friesen, T. M., Fitzhugh, W., Malmström, H., Rasmussen, S., Olsen, J., Melchior, L., Fuller, B. T., Fahrni, S. M., Stafford, T., Grimes, V., ... Willerslev, E. (2014). The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic. Science, 345(6200), e1255832. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1255832

Raghavan, M, DeGiorgio, M, Albrechtsen, A, Moltke, I, Skoglund, P, Korneliussen, TS, Grønnow, B, Appelt, M, Gulløv, HC, Friesen, TM, Fitzhugh, W, Malmström, H, Rasmussen, S, Olsen, J, Melchior, L, Fuller, BT, Fahrni, SM, Stafford, T, Grimes, V, Renouf, MAP, Cybulski, J, Lynnerup, N, Lahr, MM, Britton, K, Knecht, R, Arneborg, J, Metspalu, M, Cornejo, OE, Malaspinas, A-S, Wang, Y, Rasmussen, M, Raghavan, V, Hansen, TVO, Khusnutdinova, E, Pierre, T, Dneprovsky, K, Andreasen, C, Lange, H, Hayes, MG, Coltrain, J, Spitsyn, VA, Götherström, A, Orlando, L, Kivisild, T, Villems, R, Crawford, MH, Nielsen, FC, Dissing, J, Heinemeier, J, Meldgaard, M, Bustamante, C, O'Rourke, DH, Jakobsson, M, Gilbert, MTP, Nielsen, R & Willerslev, E 2014, 'The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic', Science, bind 345, nr. 6200, s. e1255832. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1255832

@article{45dd8318cd1e4285bdf4438a1387880c,

title = "The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic",

abstract = "The New World Arctic, the last region of the Americas to be populated by humans, has a relatively well-researched archaeology, but an understanding of its genetic history is lacking. We present genome-wide sequence data from ancient and present-day humans from Greenland, Arctic Canada, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Siberia. We show that Paleo-Eskimos (\textasciitilde{}3000 BCE to 1300 CE) represent a migration pulse into the Americas independent of both Native American and Inuit expansions. Furthermore, the genetic continuity characterizing the Paleo-Eskimo period was interrupted by the arrival of a new population, representing the ancestors of present-day Inuit, with evidence of past gene flow between these lineages. Despite periodic abandonment of major Arctic regions, a single Paleo-Eskimo metapopulation likely survived in near-isolation for more than 4000 years, only to vanish around 700 years ago.",

keywords = "Alaska, Arctic Regions, Base Sequence, Bone and Bones, Canada, DNA, Mitochondrial, Genome, Human, Greenland, Hair, History, Ancient, Human Migration, Humans, Inuits, Molecular Sequence Data, Siberia, Survivors, Tooth",

author = "Maanasa Raghavan and Michael DeGiorgio and Anders Albrechtsen and Ida Moltke and Pontus Skoglund and Korneliussen, \{Thorfinn S\} and Bjarne Gr{\o}nnow and Martin Appelt and Gull{\o}v, \{Hans Christian\} and Friesen, \{T Max\} and William Fitzhugh and Helena Malmstr{\"o}m and Simon Rasmussen and Jesper Olsen and Linea Melchior and Fuller, \{Benjamin T\} and Fahrni, \{Simon M\} and Thomas Stafford and Vaughan Grimes and Renouf, \{M A Priscilla\} and Jerome Cybulski and Niels Lynnerup and Lahr, \{Marta Mirazon\} and Kate Britton and Rick Knecht and Jette Arneborg and Mait Metspalu and Cornejo, \{Omar E\} and Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas and Yong Wang and Morten Rasmussen and Vibha Raghavan and Hansen, \{Thomas vO\} and Elza Khusnutdinova and Tracey Pierre and Kirill Dneprovsky and Claus Andreasen and Hans Lange and Hayes, \{M Geoffrey\} and Joan Coltrain and Spitsyn, \{Victor A\} and Anders G{\"o}therstr{\"o}m and Ludovic Orlando and Toomas Kivisild and Richard Villems and Crawford, \{Michael H\} and Nielsen, \{Finn C\} and J{\o}rgen Dissing and Jan Heinemeier and Morten Meldgaard and Carlos Bustamante and O'Rourke, \{Dennis H\} and Mattias Jakobsson and Gilbert, \{M Thomas P\} and Rasmus Nielsen and Eske Willerslev",

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year = "2014",

month = aug,

day = "29",

doi = "10.1126/science.1255832",

language = "English",

volume = "345",

pages = "e1255832",

journal = "Science",

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publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

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T1 - The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic

AU - Raghavan, Maanasa

AU - DeGiorgio, Michael

AU - Albrechtsen, Anders

AU - Moltke, Ida

AU - Skoglund, Pontus

AU - Korneliussen, Thorfinn S

AU - Grønnow, Bjarne

AU - Appelt, Martin

AU - Gulløv, Hans Christian

AU - Friesen, T Max

AU - Fitzhugh, William

AU - Malmström, Helena

AU - Rasmussen, Simon

AU - Olsen, Jesper

AU - Melchior, Linea

AU - Fuller, Benjamin T

AU - Fahrni, Simon M

AU - Stafford, Thomas

AU - Grimes, Vaughan

AU - Renouf, M A Priscilla

AU - Cybulski, Jerome

AU - Lynnerup, Niels

AU - Lahr, Marta Mirazon

AU - Britton, Kate

AU - Knecht, Rick

AU - Arneborg, Jette

AU - Metspalu, Mait

AU - Cornejo, Omar E

AU - Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo

AU - Wang, Yong

AU - Rasmussen, Morten

AU - Raghavan, Vibha

AU - Hansen, Thomas vO

AU - Khusnutdinova, Elza

AU - Pierre, Tracey

AU - Dneprovsky, Kirill

AU - Andreasen, Claus

AU - Lange, Hans

AU - Hayes, M Geoffrey

AU - Coltrain, Joan

AU - Spitsyn, Victor A

AU - Götherström, Anders

AU - Orlando, Ludovic

AU - Kivisild, Toomas

AU - Villems, Richard

AU - Crawford, Michael H

AU - Nielsen, Finn C

AU - Dissing, Jørgen

AU - Heinemeier, Jan

AU - Meldgaard, Morten

AU - Bustamante, Carlos

AU - O'Rourke, Dennis H

AU - Jakobsson, Mattias

AU - Gilbert, M Thomas P

AU - Nielsen, Rasmus

AU - Willerslev, Eske

PY - 2014/8/29

Y1 - 2014/8/29

N2 - The New World Arctic, the last region of the Americas to be populated by humans, has a relatively well-researched archaeology, but an understanding of its genetic history is lacking. We present genome-wide sequence data from ancient and present-day humans from Greenland, Arctic Canada, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Siberia. We show that Paleo-Eskimos (~3000 BCE to 1300 CE) represent a migration pulse into the Americas independent of both Native American and Inuit expansions. Furthermore, the genetic continuity characterizing the Paleo-Eskimo period was interrupted by the arrival of a new population, representing the ancestors of present-day Inuit, with evidence of past gene flow between these lineages. Despite periodic abandonment of major Arctic regions, a single Paleo-Eskimo metapopulation likely survived in near-isolation for more than 4000 years, only to vanish around 700 years ago.

AB - The New World Arctic, the last region of the Americas to be populated by humans, has a relatively well-researched archaeology, but an understanding of its genetic history is lacking. We present genome-wide sequence data from ancient and present-day humans from Greenland, Arctic Canada, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Siberia. We show that Paleo-Eskimos (~3000 BCE to 1300 CE) represent a migration pulse into the Americas independent of both Native American and Inuit expansions. Furthermore, the genetic continuity characterizing the Paleo-Eskimo period was interrupted by the arrival of a new population, representing the ancestors of present-day Inuit, with evidence of past gene flow between these lineages. Despite periodic abandonment of major Arctic regions, a single Paleo-Eskimo metapopulation likely survived in near-isolation for more than 4000 years, only to vanish around 700 years ago.

KW - Alaska

KW - Arctic Regions

KW - Base Sequence

KW - Bone and Bones

KW - Canada

KW - DNA, Mitochondrial

KW - Genome, Human

KW - Greenland

KW - Hair

KW - History, Ancient

KW - Human Migration

KW - Humans

KW - Inuits

KW - Molecular Sequence Data

KW - Siberia

KW - Survivors

KW - Tooth

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84907279761

U2 - 10.1126/science.1255832

DO - 10.1126/science.1255832

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 25170159

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 345

SP - e1255832

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6200

ER -

The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic

Abstract

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