TY - JOUR
T1 - The controversial entity of brain herniations into arachnoid granulations
T2 - A report of three cases with literature review
AU - Ciochon, Urszula Maria
AU - Sehested, Per Cai
AU - Skejø, Hanne Pernille Bro
AU - Miehe, Jacob
AU - Nørgaard, Ina
AU - Shekhrajka, Nitesh
N1 - © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Brain herniation into arachnoid granulation (BHAG) is a quite recently described controversial entity in terms of both etiology and clinical significance. It comprises a herniation of brain tissue into a presumed preexisting arachnoid granulation in dural venous sinuses, calvarium, meningeal or diploic veins. Most often described as an incidental finding in patients examined for unrelated pathologies, some BHAGs can possibly be related to headache, epilepsy or conditions with increased intracranial pressure such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) or pseudotumor cerebri (PTC). The number of reported cases is low and there are only three more recently published observational studies on this subject with results lacking statistical significance due to relatively few BHAGs analyzed. Therefore, BHAGs still need an increased focus from both the radiologists and clinicians and more published studies and cases are necessary to help in understanding their factual meaning, clinical and treatment implications. In this article we describe three new cases of BHAGs to the literature, with patients presenting with different symptoms.
AB - Brain herniation into arachnoid granulation (BHAG) is a quite recently described controversial entity in terms of both etiology and clinical significance. It comprises a herniation of brain tissue into a presumed preexisting arachnoid granulation in dural venous sinuses, calvarium, meningeal or diploic veins. Most often described as an incidental finding in patients examined for unrelated pathologies, some BHAGs can possibly be related to headache, epilepsy or conditions with increased intracranial pressure such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) or pseudotumor cerebri (PTC). The number of reported cases is low and there are only three more recently published observational studies on this subject with results lacking statistical significance due to relatively few BHAGs analyzed. Therefore, BHAGs still need an increased focus from both the radiologists and clinicians and more published studies and cases are necessary to help in understanding their factual meaning, clinical and treatment implications. In this article we describe three new cases of BHAGs to the literature, with patients presenting with different symptoms.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111017739&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.06.080
DO - 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.06.080
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34367392
SN - 1930-0433
VL - 16
SP - 2768
EP - 2773
JO - Radiology Case Reports
JF - Radiology Case Reports
IS - 9
ER -