TY - JOUR
T1 - The biology of cholecystokinin and gastrin peptides
AU - Rehfeld, Jens F
AU - Friis-Hansen, Lennart
AU - Goetze, Jens P
AU - Hansen, Thomas V O
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin together constitute a family of homologous peptide hormones, which are both physiological ligands for the gastrin/CCK-B receptor, whereas the CCK-A receptor binds only sulfated CCK-peptides. CCK peptides are mainly produced in small intestinal endocrine I-cells and in cerebral neurons. CCK peptides regulate pancreatic enzyme secretion and growth, gallbladder contraction, intestinal motility, satiety and inhibit gastric acid secretion. Moreover, they are potent neurotransmitters in the brain and the periphery. CCK peptides are derived from proCCK and have the bioactive heptasequence -Tyr(SO4)-Met-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2 as their C-terminus. The dominant forms in plasma are CCK-58, CCK-33, CCK-22 and CCK-8, whereas CCK-8 is the major transmitterform. Due to scarcity of specific assays, knowledge about CCK in disease is still limited. Gastrin peptides are mainly synthetized in antroduodenal G-cells, from where they are released to blood to regulate gastric acid secretion and mucosal growth. Small amounts are synthetized further down the intestinal tract, in the foetal pancreas, in a few cerebral and peripheral neurons, in the pituitary gland and in spermatozoes. Gastrin peptides are derived from progastrin and all have the C-terminal bioactive hexasequence -Tyr (SO4)-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2. The major gastrin forms in tissue and plasma are gastrin-34 and gastrin-17, but also gastrin-71, -14 and -6 have been identified. Gastrin peptides are secreted in excessive amounts from gastrinomas and are expressed at lower levels in bronchogenic, colorectal, gastric, ovarian and pancreatic cancers. A carcinogenetic significance of gastrin peptides remains, however, to be proven.
AB - Cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin together constitute a family of homologous peptide hormones, which are both physiological ligands for the gastrin/CCK-B receptor, whereas the CCK-A receptor binds only sulfated CCK-peptides. CCK peptides are mainly produced in small intestinal endocrine I-cells and in cerebral neurons. CCK peptides regulate pancreatic enzyme secretion and growth, gallbladder contraction, intestinal motility, satiety and inhibit gastric acid secretion. Moreover, they are potent neurotransmitters in the brain and the periphery. CCK peptides are derived from proCCK and have the bioactive heptasequence -Tyr(SO4)-Met-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2 as their C-terminus. The dominant forms in plasma are CCK-58, CCK-33, CCK-22 and CCK-8, whereas CCK-8 is the major transmitterform. Due to scarcity of specific assays, knowledge about CCK in disease is still limited. Gastrin peptides are mainly synthetized in antroduodenal G-cells, from where they are released to blood to regulate gastric acid secretion and mucosal growth. Small amounts are synthetized further down the intestinal tract, in the foetal pancreas, in a few cerebral and peripheral neurons, in the pituitary gland and in spermatozoes. Gastrin peptides are derived from progastrin and all have the C-terminal bioactive hexasequence -Tyr (SO4)-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2. The major gastrin forms in tissue and plasma are gastrin-34 and gastrin-17, but also gastrin-71, -14 and -6 have been identified. Gastrin peptides are secreted in excessive amounts from gastrinomas and are expressed at lower levels in bronchogenic, colorectal, gastric, ovarian and pancreatic cancers. A carcinogenetic significance of gastrin peptides remains, however, to be proven.
KW - Animals
KW - Cell Proliferation
KW - Cholecystokinin/chemistry
KW - Gastrins/chemistry
KW - Humans
KW - Mucous Membrane/cytology
KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational
KW - Receptor, Cholecystokinin B/metabolism
U2 - 10.2174/156802607780960483
DO - 10.2174/156802607780960483
M3 - Review
C2 - 17584137
SN - 1568-0266
VL - 7
SP - 1154
EP - 1165
JO - Current topics in medicinal chemistry
JF - Current topics in medicinal chemistry
IS - 12
ER -