@article{4bf77c2a66734c3ab0c11d7a25e26dff,
title = "Surfactant protein D of the innate immune defence is inversely associated with human obesity and SP-D deficiency infers increased body weight in mice",
abstract = "Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a key regulator of pathogen-induced inflammation. SP-D is further involved in lipid homeostasis in mouse lung and circulation and recent data have demonstrated that the body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) is influenced by genes in common with SP-D. The objective of the present study was to describe the association between serum SP-D and weight, waist circumference or BMI, and furthermore to observe body weight development in SP-D-deficient (Spd-/-) mice. As a part of the Danish population-based twin study (GEMINAKAR) on the metabolic syndrome, we analysed 1476 Danish twins for serum SP-D and investigated associations with weight, waist circumference and BMI by multiple regression analysis. Serum SP-D was significantly and inversely associated with weight (P = 0.001) and waist circumference in men (P < 0.001) and to BMI in both genders (P = 0.039 women, P < 0.001 men). The age-dependent increase in serum SP-D was most prominent in lean persons (BMI < 20). Spd-/- mice and wild-type mice were subjected to a feeding study and body weights were recorded in a time course over 24 weeks. Spd-/- mouse weight gain was significantly increased, with 90 mg/week (P < 0.0001) in males on normal chow. Fat percentage was significantly increased by 17% in the Spd-/- male mice (P = 0.003). We conclude, that there is an association between low levels or absent SP-D and obesity.",
keywords = "Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Male, Mice, Mice, Mutant Strains, Middle Aged, Obesity, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D, Weight Gain",
author = "Sorensen, {G L} and Hjelmborg, {J V B} and R Leth-Larsen and V Schmidt and M Fenger and F Poulain and S Hawgood and S{\o}rensen, {Thorkild Ingvor A} and Kyvik, {K O} and U Holmskov",
year = "2006",
doi = "10.1111/j.1365-3083.2006.01853.x",
language = "English",
volume = "64",
pages = "633--8",
journal = "Scandinavian Journal of Immunology",
issn = "0300-9475",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "6",
}