TY - JOUR
T1 - Small hard drusen and associated factors in early seniority
AU - Belmouhand, Mohamed
AU - Rothenbuehler, Simon P
AU - Dabbah, Sami
AU - Bjerager, Jakob
AU - Sander, Birgit
AU - Hjelmborg, Jacob B
AU - Dalgård, Christine
AU - Jensen, Rasmus
AU - Larsen, Michael
N1 - Copyright: © 2022 Belmouhand et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the ocular and systemic risk profile of the fundus phenotype ≥ 20 small hard (macular) drusen (< 63 μm in diameter).METHODS: This single-center, cross-sectional study of 176 same-sex twin pairs aged 30 to 80 (median 60) years was a component of a framework study of the transition from not having age-related macular degeneration to having early AMD. Drusen categories assessed using fundus photography and optical coherence tomography included small hard drusen (diameter < 63 μm), intermediate soft drusen (63-125 μm), and large soft drusen (> 125 μm), of which the soft drusen are compatible with a diagnosis of AMD.RESULTS: Having ≥ 20 small hard drusen within or outside the macula was associated with increasing age, lower body mass index, shorter axial length, hyperopia, female sex, increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high alcohol consumption, and with the presence of soft drusen.CONCLUSIONS: Having ≥ 20 small hard drusen was associated with some AMD-related risk factors, but not with smoking, increasing body mass index, and higher blood pressure. Having ≥ 20 small hard drusen was also associated with soft drusen, in agreement with previous studies. These findings suggest that small hard drusen are not an early manifestation of AMD but the product of a distinct process of tissue alteration that promotes the development of AMD or some subtype thereof.
AB - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the ocular and systemic risk profile of the fundus phenotype ≥ 20 small hard (macular) drusen (< 63 μm in diameter).METHODS: This single-center, cross-sectional study of 176 same-sex twin pairs aged 30 to 80 (median 60) years was a component of a framework study of the transition from not having age-related macular degeneration to having early AMD. Drusen categories assessed using fundus photography and optical coherence tomography included small hard drusen (diameter < 63 μm), intermediate soft drusen (63-125 μm), and large soft drusen (> 125 μm), of which the soft drusen are compatible with a diagnosis of AMD.RESULTS: Having ≥ 20 small hard drusen within or outside the macula was associated with increasing age, lower body mass index, shorter axial length, hyperopia, female sex, increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high alcohol consumption, and with the presence of soft drusen.CONCLUSIONS: Having ≥ 20 small hard drusen was associated with some AMD-related risk factors, but not with smoking, increasing body mass index, and higher blood pressure. Having ≥ 20 small hard drusen was also associated with soft drusen, in agreement with previous studies. These findings suggest that small hard drusen are not an early manifestation of AMD but the product of a distinct process of tissue alteration that promotes the development of AMD or some subtype thereof.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144519801&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0279279
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0279279
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36548342
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 17
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
IS - 12
M1 - e0279279
ER -