TY - JOUR
T1 - Sleep-disordered breathing and cerebral small vessel disease-acute and 6 months after ischemic stroke
AU - Simonsen, Sofie Amalie
AU - Andersen, Adam Vittrup
AU - West, Anders Sode
AU - Wolfram, Frauke
AU - Jennum, Poul
AU - Iversen, Helle K
N1 - © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - PURPOSE: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) occurs frequently after stroke and is associated with poor functional outcome and increased mortality. The purpose of this study was to detect changes in SDB over time after acute ischemic stroke and investigate relationships between SDB and stroke etiologies with focus on cerebral small vessel disease.METHODS: From May 2015 to August 2016, we conducted an observational study of 99 patients with mild to moderate stroke (median age: 68 years, range 36-88; 56% men). Polysomnography was performed within 7 days of stroke onset (n = 91) and after 6 months (n = 52). The strokes were classified using the etiological TOAST classification. Total small vessel disease (SVD) scores were calculated based on MRIs.RESULTS: SDB, defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15, was found in 56% of patients in the acute state and in 44% at follow-up. AHI decreased over time (median change 4.7, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.5-8.9; p = 0.03). Patients with AHI ≥ 15 in both the acute state and at follow-up had higher SVD score at follow-up (p = 0.003). AHI was not associated with ischemic stroke subgroups according to the TOAST classification.DISCUSSION: In conclusion, 6 months after stroke, AHI decreased, but 44% still had AHI ≥ 15. Persistent SDB in both the acute state and at follow-up was associated with a higher SVD score, but not to the TOAST subgroups. SDB evaluation should be offered to stroke patients, and the effect of SDB on cerebral small vessel disease needs to be further investigated using the well-defined SVD score.TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov NCT02111408, April 11, 2014.
AB - PURPOSE: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) occurs frequently after stroke and is associated with poor functional outcome and increased mortality. The purpose of this study was to detect changes in SDB over time after acute ischemic stroke and investigate relationships between SDB and stroke etiologies with focus on cerebral small vessel disease.METHODS: From May 2015 to August 2016, we conducted an observational study of 99 patients with mild to moderate stroke (median age: 68 years, range 36-88; 56% men). Polysomnography was performed within 7 days of stroke onset (n = 91) and after 6 months (n = 52). The strokes were classified using the etiological TOAST classification. Total small vessel disease (SVD) scores were calculated based on MRIs.RESULTS: SDB, defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15, was found in 56% of patients in the acute state and in 44% at follow-up. AHI decreased over time (median change 4.7, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.5-8.9; p = 0.03). Patients with AHI ≥ 15 in both the acute state and at follow-up had higher SVD score at follow-up (p = 0.003). AHI was not associated with ischemic stroke subgroups according to the TOAST classification.DISCUSSION: In conclusion, 6 months after stroke, AHI decreased, but 44% still had AHI ≥ 15. Persistent SDB in both the acute state and at follow-up was associated with a higher SVD score, but not to the TOAST subgroups. SDB evaluation should be offered to stroke patients, and the effect of SDB on cerebral small vessel disease needs to be further investigated using the well-defined SVD score.TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov NCT02111408, April 11, 2014.
KW - Cerebral small vessel disease
KW - Ischemic stroke
KW - Sleep apnea
KW - Sleep-disordered breathing
KW - Stroke
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Sleep Apnea Syndromes
KW - Male
KW - Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases
KW - Polysomnography
KW - Ischemic Stroke
KW - Aged, 80 and over
KW - Adult
KW - Female
KW - Aged
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85114088795&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11325-021-02482-1
DO - 10.1007/s11325-021-02482-1
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34476728
SN - 1520-9512
VL - 26
SP - 1107
EP - 1113
JO - Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
JF - Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
IS - 3
ER -