Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study

Cecilie V Vollmond; Malte M Tetens; Fie W Paulsen; Jan Gerstoft; Gitte Kronborg; Isik S Johansen; Carsten S Larsen; Lothar Wiese; Michael Dalager-Pedersen; Steffen Leth; Preben B Mortensen; Anne-Mette Lebech; Niels Obel; Lars H Omland

doi:10.1093/cid/ciad415

Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study

Cecilie V Vollmond^*, Malte M Tetens, Fie W Paulsen, Jan Gerstoft, Gitte Kronborg, Isik S Johansen, Carsten S Larsen, Lothar Wiese, Michael Dalager-Pedersen, Steffen Leth, Preben B Mortensen, Anne-Mette Lebech, Niels Obel, Lars H Omland^*

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

3 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with depression. However, previous studies have not addressed familial factors.

METHODS: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of people with HIV (PWH) in Denmark between 1995 and 2021 who were matched on sex and date of birth with a comparison cohort randomly selected from the Danish population. Family-related factors were examined by inclusion of siblings of those in the cohorts. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for depression, receipt of antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and suicide, as well as the yearly proportions of study cohorts with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants from 10 years before to 10 years after study inclusion.

RESULTS: We included 5943 PWH and 59 430 comparison cohort members. Median age was 38 years, and 25% were women. We observed an increased risk of depression, receipt of antidepressants, ECT, and suicide among PWH in the 2 first years of observation (HR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5-4.4), HR, 3.0 (95% CI: 2.7-3.4), HR, 2.8 (95% CI: .9-8.6), and HR, 10.7 (95% CI: 5.2-22.2), thereafter the risk subsided but remained increased. The proportions of PWH with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants were increased prior to and especially after HIV diagnosis. Risk of all outcomes was substantially lower among siblings of PWH than among PWH (HR for receipt of antidepressants, 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0-1.2).

CONCLUSIONS: PWH have an increased risk of depression. Family-related factors are unlikely to explain this risk.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Vol/bind	77
Udgave nummer	11
Sider (fra-til)	1569-1577
Antal sider	9
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad415
Status	Udgivet - 1 dec. 2023

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10.1093/cid/ciad415

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Vollmond, C. V., Tetens, M. M., Paulsen, F. W., Gerstoft, J., Kronborg, G., Johansen, I. S., Larsen, C. S., Wiese, L., Dalager-Pedersen, M., Leth, S., Mortensen, P. B., Lebech, A.-M., Obel, N., & Omland, L. H. (2023). Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 77(11), 1569-1577. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad415

Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study. / Vollmond, Cecilie V; Tetens, Malte M ; Paulsen, Fie W et al.
I: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, Bind 77, Nr. 11, 01.12.2023, s. 1569-1577.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

Vollmond, CV, Tetens, MM , Paulsen, FW , Gerstoft, J , Kronborg, G, Johansen, IS, Larsen, CS, Wiese, L, Dalager-Pedersen, M, Leth, S, Mortensen, PB, Lebech, A-M , Obel, N & Omland, LH 2023, 'Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study', Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, bind 77, nr. 11, s. 1569-1577. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad415

Vollmond CV, Tetens MM , Paulsen FW , Gerstoft J , Kronborg G, Johansen IS et al. Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2023 dec. 1;77(11):1569-1577. Epub 2023 jul. 19. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad415

@article{d4a9abe89cc64c6c8b1a64329d048796,

title = "Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with depression. However, previous studies have not addressed familial factors.METHODS: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of people with HIV (PWH) in Denmark between 1995 and 2021 who were matched on sex and date of birth with a comparison cohort randomly selected from the Danish population. Family-related factors were examined by inclusion of siblings of those in the cohorts. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for depression, receipt of antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and suicide, as well as the yearly proportions of study cohorts with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants from 10 years before to 10 years after study inclusion.RESULTS: We included 5943 PWH and 59 430 comparison cohort members. Median age was 38 years, and 25% were women. We observed an increased risk of depression, receipt of antidepressants, ECT, and suicide among PWH in the 2 first years of observation (HR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5-4.4), HR, 3.0 (95% CI: 2.7-3.4), HR, 2.8 (95% CI: .9-8.6), and HR, 10.7 (95% CI: 5.2-22.2), thereafter the risk subsided but remained increased. The proportions of PWH with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants were increased prior to and especially after HIV diagnosis. Risk of all outcomes was substantially lower among siblings of PWH than among PWH (HR for receipt of antidepressants, 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0-1.2).CONCLUSIONS: PWH have an increased risk of depression. Family-related factors are unlikely to explain this risk.",

keywords = "Adult, Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use, Cohort Studies, Depression/epidemiology, Female, HIV, HIV Infections/complications, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, PWH, antidepressants, depression",

author = "Vollmond, {Cecilie V} and Tetens, {Malte M} and Paulsen, {Fie W} and Jan Gerstoft and Gitte Kronborg and Johansen, {Isik S} and Larsen, {Carsten S} and Lothar Wiese and Michael Dalager-Pedersen and Steffen Leth and Mortensen, {Preben B} and Anne-Mette Lebech and Niels Obel and Omland, {Lars H}",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].",

year = "2023",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/cid/ciad415",

language = "English",

volume = "77",

pages = "1569--1577",

journal = "Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America",

issn = "1058-4838",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "11",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

T2 - A nationwide population-based matched cohort study

AU - Vollmond, Cecilie V

AU - Tetens, Malte M

AU - Paulsen, Fie W

AU - Gerstoft, Jan

AU - Kronborg, Gitte

AU - Johansen, Isik S

AU - Larsen, Carsten S

AU - Wiese, Lothar

AU - Dalager-Pedersen, Michael

AU - Leth, Steffen

AU - Mortensen, Preben B

AU - Lebech, Anne-Mette

AU - Obel, Niels

AU - Omland, Lars H

PY - 2023/12/1

Y1 - 2023/12/1

N2 - BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with depression. However, previous studies have not addressed familial factors.METHODS: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of people with HIV (PWH) in Denmark between 1995 and 2021 who were matched on sex and date of birth with a comparison cohort randomly selected from the Danish population. Family-related factors were examined by inclusion of siblings of those in the cohorts. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for depression, receipt of antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and suicide, as well as the yearly proportions of study cohorts with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants from 10 years before to 10 years after study inclusion.RESULTS: We included 5943 PWH and 59 430 comparison cohort members. Median age was 38 years, and 25% were women. We observed an increased risk of depression, receipt of antidepressants, ECT, and suicide among PWH in the 2 first years of observation (HR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5-4.4), HR, 3.0 (95% CI: 2.7-3.4), HR, 2.8 (95% CI: .9-8.6), and HR, 10.7 (95% CI: 5.2-22.2), thereafter the risk subsided but remained increased. The proportions of PWH with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants were increased prior to and especially after HIV diagnosis. Risk of all outcomes was substantially lower among siblings of PWH than among PWH (HR for receipt of antidepressants, 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0-1.2).CONCLUSIONS: PWH have an increased risk of depression. Family-related factors are unlikely to explain this risk.

AB - BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with depression. However, previous studies have not addressed familial factors.METHODS: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of people with HIV (PWH) in Denmark between 1995 and 2021 who were matched on sex and date of birth with a comparison cohort randomly selected from the Danish population. Family-related factors were examined by inclusion of siblings of those in the cohorts. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for depression, receipt of antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and suicide, as well as the yearly proportions of study cohorts with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants from 10 years before to 10 years after study inclusion.RESULTS: We included 5943 PWH and 59 430 comparison cohort members. Median age was 38 years, and 25% were women. We observed an increased risk of depression, receipt of antidepressants, ECT, and suicide among PWH in the 2 first years of observation (HR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5-4.4), HR, 3.0 (95% CI: 2.7-3.4), HR, 2.8 (95% CI: .9-8.6), and HR, 10.7 (95% CI: 5.2-22.2), thereafter the risk subsided but remained increased. The proportions of PWH with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants were increased prior to and especially after HIV diagnosis. Risk of all outcomes was substantially lower among siblings of PWH than among PWH (HR for receipt of antidepressants, 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0-1.2).CONCLUSIONS: PWH have an increased risk of depression. Family-related factors are unlikely to explain this risk.

KW - Adult

KW - Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Depression/epidemiology

KW - Female

KW - HIV

KW - HIV Infections/complications

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Risk Factors

KW - PWH

KW - antidepressants

KW - depression

U2 - 10.1093/cid/ciad415

DO - 10.1093/cid/ciad415

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37467149

SN - 1058-4838

VL - 77

SP - 1569

EP - 1577

JO - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

JF - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

IS - 11

ER -

Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study

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