Peer-delivered point-of-care testing and linkage to treatment for hepatitis C virus infection among marginalized populations through a mobile clinic in Copenhagen, Denmark

BACKGROUND: Globally, many people with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are marginalized and have very limited access to traditional healthcare services, including HCV testing and treatment. Models of care attuned to the needs of the marginalized population at risk are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the testing and treatment uptake of a community-based, peer-led model of care offering point-of-care testing.

METHODS: In this interventional cohort study, people at risk of HCV infection were recruited between May 2019 and December 2021 at a community-based, peer-led mobile clinic. During a single visit, participants were offered a point-of-care HCV antibody test, and, if antibodies were detected, an additional RNA test. Participants with detectable HCV RNA were linked with peer-assisted referral to a 'fast-track' clinic at a major hospital. The primary outcomes were the number of people engaged in testing and the proportion who initiated treatment and achieved a sustained virologic response (SVR).

RESULTS: We tested 728 individuals. Of those, 208 (29%) were positive for HCV antibodies, and 114 (15%) were HCV RNA detectable. Of the 114, 80 (70%) initiated treatment, and 79 (99%) achieved SVR. The main reason for not initiating treatment was non-Danish citizenship with no legal access to health care.

CONCLUSION: This study found that a peer-led point-of-care service is a model of care that can engage marginalized groups in HCV testing and linkage to treatment.