Opioid and benzodiazepine use among adolescents and young adults in Denmark

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of opioid and benzodiazepine use among Danish youths aged 13-26 years, and to document their knowledge of opioids, benzodiazepines and overdose prevention.

METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire was distributed via email and posters at youth educational institutions, and via social media. From September 2023 to April 2024, a total of 1,222 responses were collected.

RESULTS: In the present study, most adolescents and young adults knew of opioids and benzodiazepines (90.7% and 71.8%, respectively). Approximately one out of four had used one or the other at least once (opioids: 24.4%, benzodiazepines: 24.6%). One third of respondents with prior opioid use had their debut age using opioids between 16-18 (32.9%), and one third at an even younger age (32.6%). Only 7.1% reported gaining access to opioids through a doctor. Nearly one in four of the respondents had witnessed someone overdose (24.9%). However, less than half (41.2%) knew of the antidote that prevents opioid overdoses.

CONCLUSIONS: Although our results may be restricted to certain Danish youth groups, knowledge and use of highly addictive substances appear widespread. Among our respondents, nearly one out of four reported prior use of opioids and benzodiazepines. The majority had their debut age using opioids at a young age, between 16 and 18 years or younger. Less than half knew of the antidote that can reverse an opioid overdose.

FUNDING: Antidote Danmark.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was a voluntary survey and, in accordance with Danish legislation, did not require ethical approval.