TY - JOUR
T1 - Muscle-Organ Crosstalk
T2 - The Emerging Roles of Myokines
AU - Severinsen, Mai Charlotte Krogh
AU - Pedersen, Bente Klarlund
N1 - © Endocrine Society 2020.
PY - 2020/8/1
Y1 - 2020/8/1
N2 - Physical activity decreases the risk of a network of diseases, and exercise may be prescribed as medicine for lifestyle-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes, dementia, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. During the past couple of decades, it has been apparent that skeletal muscle works as an endocrine organ, which can produce and secrete hundreds of myokines that exert their effects in either autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine manners. Recent advances show that skeletal muscle produces myokines in response to exercise, which allow for crosstalk between the muscle and other organs, including brain, adipose tissue, bone, liver, gut, pancreas, vascular bed, and skin, as well as communication within the muscle itself. Although only few myokines have been allocated to a specific function in humans, it has been identified that the biological roles of myokines include effects on, for example, cognition, lipid and glucose metabolism, browning of white fat, bone formation, endothelial cell function, hypertrophy, skin structure, and tumor growth. This suggests that myokines may be useful biomarkers for monitoring exercise prescription for people with, for example, cancer, diabetes, or neurodegenerative diseases.
AB - Physical activity decreases the risk of a network of diseases, and exercise may be prescribed as medicine for lifestyle-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes, dementia, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. During the past couple of decades, it has been apparent that skeletal muscle works as an endocrine organ, which can produce and secrete hundreds of myokines that exert their effects in either autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine manners. Recent advances show that skeletal muscle produces myokines in response to exercise, which allow for crosstalk between the muscle and other organs, including brain, adipose tissue, bone, liver, gut, pancreas, vascular bed, and skin, as well as communication within the muscle itself. Although only few myokines have been allocated to a specific function in humans, it has been identified that the biological roles of myokines include effects on, for example, cognition, lipid and glucose metabolism, browning of white fat, bone formation, endothelial cell function, hypertrophy, skin structure, and tumor growth. This suggests that myokines may be useful biomarkers for monitoring exercise prescription for people with, for example, cancer, diabetes, or neurodegenerative diseases.
KW - Brain/metabolism
KW - Cytokines/metabolism
KW - Diabetes Mellitus/metabolism
KW - Exercise/physiology
KW - Humans
KW - Muscle Cells/metabolism
KW - Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
KW - Neoplasms/metabolism
KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism
U2 - 10.1210/endrev/bnaa016
DO - 10.1210/endrev/bnaa016
M3 - Review
C2 - 32393961
SN - 0163-769X
VL - 41
SP - 594
EP - 609
JO - Endocrine Reviews
JF - Endocrine Reviews
IS - 4
ER -