TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal Diabetes and Cardiac Left Ventricular Structure and Function in the Infant
T2 - A Copenhagen Baby Heart Study
AU - Ghouse, Jonas
AU - Hansson, Magdalena
AU - Vøgg, Ruth Ottilia B
AU - Sillesen, Anne-Sophie
AU - Pærregaard, Sofie
AU - Raja, Anna Axelsson
AU - Vejlstrup, Niels
AU - Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth
AU - Øyen, Nina
AU - Kulkarni, Aparna
AU - Jensen, Magnus T
AU - Jørgensen, Finn Stener
AU - Sundberg, Karin
AU - Petersen, Olav B
AU - Wohlfahrt, Jan
AU - Damm, Peter
AU - Olesen, Morten Salling
AU - Mathiesen, Elisabeth R
AU - Iversen, Kasper
AU - Bundgaard, Henning
AU - Boyd, Heather A
N1 - © 2024 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2024/12/1
Y1 - 2024/12/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Prenatal exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with an increased risk of offspring heart defects. We evaluated associations with subtle infant cardiac changes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a cohort of 25,486 infants with transthoracic echocardiography within 60 days of birth, we investigated associations between maternal preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and infant left ventricular (LV) structural and functional parameters, using linear regression to estimate adjusted mean differences (aMDs) between groups.RESULTS: Infants exposed to maternal preexisting diabetes (n = 198) had thicker LV posterior walls (aMD 0.19 mm; 95% CI 0.11, 0.27), smaller LV internal diameters in systole (aMD -0.27 mm; 95% CI -0.45, -0.18) and diastole (aMD -0.37 mm; 95% CI -0.59, -0.09), reduced stroke volumes (aMD -0.36 mL; 95% CI -0.61, -0.11), and increased heart rates (aMD 3.14 bpm; 95% CI 1.10, 6.18) and mitral valve early peak velocities (aMD 2.17 cm/s; 95% CI 0.31, 4.04) than unexposed infants (n = 24,639). Infants born to mothers with GDM (n = 649) had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in systole (aMD -0.13 mm; 95% CI -0.22, -0.03) and similar structural and functional changes as children exposed to preexisting diabetes, albeit with smaller nonsignificant aMDs. Higher third-trimester HbA1c levels were associated with smaller LV internal diameters and stroke volumes in infants exposed to preexisting diabetes and with lower heart rates in infants exposed to GDM.CONCLUSIONS: Maternal preexisting diabetes and, to a lesser extent, GDM were associated with changes in infant LV structure and function.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Prenatal exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with an increased risk of offspring heart defects. We evaluated associations with subtle infant cardiac changes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a cohort of 25,486 infants with transthoracic echocardiography within 60 days of birth, we investigated associations between maternal preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and infant left ventricular (LV) structural and functional parameters, using linear regression to estimate adjusted mean differences (aMDs) between groups.RESULTS: Infants exposed to maternal preexisting diabetes (n = 198) had thicker LV posterior walls (aMD 0.19 mm; 95% CI 0.11, 0.27), smaller LV internal diameters in systole (aMD -0.27 mm; 95% CI -0.45, -0.18) and diastole (aMD -0.37 mm; 95% CI -0.59, -0.09), reduced stroke volumes (aMD -0.36 mL; 95% CI -0.61, -0.11), and increased heart rates (aMD 3.14 bpm; 95% CI 1.10, 6.18) and mitral valve early peak velocities (aMD 2.17 cm/s; 95% CI 0.31, 4.04) than unexposed infants (n = 24,639). Infants born to mothers with GDM (n = 649) had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in systole (aMD -0.13 mm; 95% CI -0.22, -0.03) and similar structural and functional changes as children exposed to preexisting diabetes, albeit with smaller nonsignificant aMDs. Higher third-trimester HbA1c levels were associated with smaller LV internal diameters and stroke volumes in infants exposed to preexisting diabetes and with lower heart rates in infants exposed to GDM.CONCLUSIONS: Maternal preexisting diabetes and, to a lesser extent, GDM were associated with changes in infant LV structure and function.
KW - Adult
KW - Diabetes, Gestational/physiopathology
KW - Echocardiography
KW - Female
KW - Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging
KW - Humans
KW - Infant
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Male
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Ventricular Function, Left/physiology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85211179192&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2337/dc24-0936
DO - 10.2337/dc24-0936
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 39405488
SN - 1935-5548
VL - 47
SP - 2230
EP - 2238
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
IS - 12
ER -