TY - JOUR
T1 - Low-grade inflammation independently associates with cardiometabolic risk in children with overweight/obesity
AU - Lund, Morten A V
AU - Thostrup, Anne H
AU - Frithioff-Bøjsøe, Christine
AU - Lausten-Thomsen, Ulrik
AU - Hedley, Paula L
AU - Pedersen, Oluf
AU - Christiansen, Michael
AU - Hansen, Torben
AU - Holm, Jens-Christian
N1 - Copyright © 2020 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/8/28
Y1 - 2020/8/28
N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pediatric obesity associates with both low-grade inflammation and cardiometabolic risk on the population level. Yet on an individual patient level, overweight/obesity does not always equal increased cardiometabolic risk. In this study, we examine whether low-grade inflammation associates with cardiometabolic risk in Danish children, independent of degree of adiposity. We further assess the value of integrating multiple inflammation markers to identify children with very-high cardiometabolic risk profiles.METHOD AND RESULTS: We studied 2192 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years from an obesity clinic cohort and a population-based cohort, in a cross-sectional study design. Anthropometry, blood pressure, pubertal stage and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were assessed, and biomarkers including fasting serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), white blood cells (WBC), resistin, lipid profile and glucose metabolism were measured. Adjusted correlation analysis and odds ratios were calculated. We found that, independent of degree of adiposity, having high-normal inflammation marker concentrations associated with increased cardiometabolic risk: for girls, hsCRP >0.57-9.98 mg/L (mid/upper tertile) associated with ~2-fold higher odds of dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis (vs. lower tertile). For both sexes, WBC >7.0-12.4 109/L (upper tertile) associated with 2.5-fold higher odds of insulin resistance. Lastly, children with multiple inflammation markers in the high-normal range exhibited the most severe cardiometabolic risk profile.CONCLUSION: Low-grade inflammation associates with cardiometabolic risk in children independent of degree of adiposity. The associations vary with sex and inflammation marker measured. Finally, integrating multiple low-grade inflammation markers identifies a very-high-risk subgroup of children with overweight/obesity and may have clinical value.
AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pediatric obesity associates with both low-grade inflammation and cardiometabolic risk on the population level. Yet on an individual patient level, overweight/obesity does not always equal increased cardiometabolic risk. In this study, we examine whether low-grade inflammation associates with cardiometabolic risk in Danish children, independent of degree of adiposity. We further assess the value of integrating multiple inflammation markers to identify children with very-high cardiometabolic risk profiles.METHOD AND RESULTS: We studied 2192 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years from an obesity clinic cohort and a population-based cohort, in a cross-sectional study design. Anthropometry, blood pressure, pubertal stage and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were assessed, and biomarkers including fasting serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), white blood cells (WBC), resistin, lipid profile and glucose metabolism were measured. Adjusted correlation analysis and odds ratios were calculated. We found that, independent of degree of adiposity, having high-normal inflammation marker concentrations associated with increased cardiometabolic risk: for girls, hsCRP >0.57-9.98 mg/L (mid/upper tertile) associated with ~2-fold higher odds of dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis (vs. lower tertile). For both sexes, WBC >7.0-12.4 109/L (upper tertile) associated with 2.5-fold higher odds of insulin resistance. Lastly, children with multiple inflammation markers in the high-normal range exhibited the most severe cardiometabolic risk profile.CONCLUSION: Low-grade inflammation associates with cardiometabolic risk in children independent of degree of adiposity. The associations vary with sex and inflammation marker measured. Finally, integrating multiple low-grade inflammation markers identifies a very-high-risk subgroup of children with overweight/obesity and may have clinical value.
KW - Adiposity
KW - Adolescent
KW - Age Factors
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - Blood Glucose/metabolism
KW - Child
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Denmark/epidemiology
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Inflammation/blood
KW - Inflammation Mediators/blood
KW - Insulin Resistance
KW - Lipids/blood
KW - Male
KW - Metabolic Syndrome/blood
KW - Pediatric Obesity/blood
KW - Prognosis
KW - Risk Assessment
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Sex Factors
U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.024
DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.024
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32571613
SN - 0939-4753
VL - 30
SP - 1544
EP - 1553
JO - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
JF - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
IS - 9
ER -