Long-term functional outcome and quality of life 5-8 years after out of hospital cardiac arrest

Lars Evald; Markus B Skrifvars; Jyri J Virta; Marjaana Tiainen; Timo Laitio; Christoph Leithner; Eldar Søreide; Christian Hassager; Bodil Rasmussen; Anders Morten Grejs; Anni Nørgaard Jeppesen; Hans Kirkegaard; Jørgen Feldbæk Nielsen

doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672

Long-term functional outcome and quality of life 5-8 years after out of hospital cardiac arrest

Lars Evald^*, Markus B Skrifvars, Jyri J Virta, Marjaana Tiainen, Timo Laitio, Christoph Leithner, Eldar Søreide, Christian Hassager, Bodil Rasmussen, Anders Morten Grejs, Anni Nørgaard Jeppesen, Hans Kirkegaard, Jørgen Feldbæk Nielsen

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Afdeling for Hjertesygdomme HJE

4 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

AIMS: To determine functional outcomes and quality of life several years post OHCA and identify associated factors.

METHODS: This is a long-term follow-up sub-study of the TTH48 multicentre trial. OHCA survivors from participating sites were contacted 5-8 years post OHCA. Survival rates were collected from medical registries. Telephone interviews were performed to collect basic outcomes and quality of life. Questionnaires surveyed patients and relatives levels of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep, fatigue, cognitive decline and everyday life participation.

RESULTS: 279 patients were included at the participating sites, 161 (58%) were still alive. A vast majority of the participating survivors (97.8%) had favourable outcomes (CPC 1-2) and quality of life was comparable to the background population. Among the participating OHCA survivors, 5.5% met the criteria for anxiety, 2.7% for depression, 4.5% for PTSD, 24.5% reported sleep problems, 45.5% reported fatigue, and 40.7% were working full- or part-time. Among the participating relatives, 7.0% met the criteria for anxiety, 1.2% for depression, 3.5% for PTSD, and 52.3% of the relatives reported that the patient had suffered cognitive decline post OHCA. ROSC delay, higher age, and female sex were negatively associated with several long-term outcomes. Treatment allocation was not associated with better outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Long-term OHCA survivors had acceptable outcomes, though self-reported sleep and fatigue problems and relatives-reported cognitive decline were prevalent. Higher age and longer ROSC delay were risk factors of poorer outcome, primarily driven by mortality. Female sex was a risk factor of worse self-reported outcomes.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01689077.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	110672
Tidsskrift	Resuscitation
Vol/bind	215
ISSN	0300-9572
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672
Status	Udgivet - okt. 2025

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10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672

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Evald, L., Skrifvars, M. B., Virta, J. J., Tiainen, M., Laitio, T., Leithner, C., Søreide, E., Hassager, C., Rasmussen, B., Grejs, A. M., Jeppesen, A. N., Kirkegaard, H., & Nielsen, J. F. (2025). Long-term functional outcome and quality of life 5-8 years after out of hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation, 215, Artikel 110672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672

@article{1499c33e904c4bf9867a38c4e8b5f723,

title = "Long-term functional outcome and quality of life 5-8 years after out of hospital cardiac arrest",

abstract = "AIMS: To determine functional outcomes and quality of life several years post OHCA and identify associated factors.METHODS: This is a long-term follow-up sub-study of the TTH48 multicentre trial. OHCA survivors from participating sites were contacted 5-8 years post OHCA. Survival rates were collected from medical registries. Telephone interviews were performed to collect basic outcomes and quality of life. Questionnaires surveyed patients and relatives levels of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep, fatigue, cognitive decline and everyday life participation.RESULTS: 279 patients were included at the participating sites, 161 (58%) were still alive. A vast majority of the participating survivors (97.8%) had favourable outcomes (CPC 1-2) and quality of life was comparable to the background population. Among the participating OHCA survivors, 5.5% met the criteria for anxiety, 2.7% for depression, 4.5% for PTSD, 24.5% reported sleep problems, 45.5% reported fatigue, and 40.7% were working full- or part-time. Among the participating relatives, 7.0% met the criteria for anxiety, 1.2% for depression, 3.5% for PTSD, and 52.3% of the relatives reported that the patient had suffered cognitive decline post OHCA. ROSC delay, higher age, and female sex were negatively associated with several long-term outcomes. Treatment allocation was not associated with better outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: Long-term OHCA survivors had acceptable outcomes, though self-reported sleep and fatigue problems and relatives-reported cognitive decline were prevalent. Higher age and longer ROSC delay were risk factors of poorer outcome, primarily driven by mortality. Female sex was a risk factor of worse self-reported outcomes.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01689077.",

keywords = "Aged, Anxiety/epidemiology, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods, Depression/epidemiology, Fatigue/epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortality, Quality of Life, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Survivors/psychology, Depression, Quality of life, Targeted temperature management, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Anxiety",

author = "Lars Evald and Skrifvars, {Markus B} and Virta, {Jyri J} and Marjaana Tiainen and Timo Laitio and Christoph Leithner and Eldar S{\o}reide and Christian Hassager and Bodil Rasmussen and Grejs, {Anders Morten} and Jeppesen, {Anni N{\o}rgaard} and Hans Kirkegaard and Nielsen, {J{\o}rgen Feldb{\ae}k}",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672",

language = "English",

volume = "215",

journal = "Resuscitation",

issn = "0300-9572",

publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-term functional outcome and quality of life 5-8 years after out of hospital cardiac arrest

AU - Evald, Lars

AU - Skrifvars, Markus B

AU - Virta, Jyri J

AU - Tiainen, Marjaana

AU - Laitio, Timo

AU - Leithner, Christoph

AU - Søreide, Eldar

AU - Hassager, Christian

AU - Rasmussen, Bodil

AU - Grejs, Anders Morten

AU - Jeppesen, Anni Nørgaard

AU - Kirkegaard, Hans

AU - Nielsen, Jørgen Feldbæk

PY - 2025/10

Y1 - 2025/10

N2 - AIMS: To determine functional outcomes and quality of life several years post OHCA and identify associated factors.METHODS: This is a long-term follow-up sub-study of the TTH48 multicentre trial. OHCA survivors from participating sites were contacted 5-8 years post OHCA. Survival rates were collected from medical registries. Telephone interviews were performed to collect basic outcomes and quality of life. Questionnaires surveyed patients and relatives levels of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep, fatigue, cognitive decline and everyday life participation.RESULTS: 279 patients were included at the participating sites, 161 (58%) were still alive. A vast majority of the participating survivors (97.8%) had favourable outcomes (CPC 1-2) and quality of life was comparable to the background population. Among the participating OHCA survivors, 5.5% met the criteria for anxiety, 2.7% for depression, 4.5% for PTSD, 24.5% reported sleep problems, 45.5% reported fatigue, and 40.7% were working full- or part-time. Among the participating relatives, 7.0% met the criteria for anxiety, 1.2% for depression, 3.5% for PTSD, and 52.3% of the relatives reported that the patient had suffered cognitive decline post OHCA. ROSC delay, higher age, and female sex were negatively associated with several long-term outcomes. Treatment allocation was not associated with better outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: Long-term OHCA survivors had acceptable outcomes, though self-reported sleep and fatigue problems and relatives-reported cognitive decline were prevalent. Higher age and longer ROSC delay were risk factors of poorer outcome, primarily driven by mortality. Female sex was a risk factor of worse self-reported outcomes.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01689077.

AB - AIMS: To determine functional outcomes and quality of life several years post OHCA and identify associated factors.METHODS: This is a long-term follow-up sub-study of the TTH48 multicentre trial. OHCA survivors from participating sites were contacted 5-8 years post OHCA. Survival rates were collected from medical registries. Telephone interviews were performed to collect basic outcomes and quality of life. Questionnaires surveyed patients and relatives levels of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep, fatigue, cognitive decline and everyday life participation.RESULTS: 279 patients were included at the participating sites, 161 (58%) were still alive. A vast majority of the participating survivors (97.8%) had favourable outcomes (CPC 1-2) and quality of life was comparable to the background population. Among the participating OHCA survivors, 5.5% met the criteria for anxiety, 2.7% for depression, 4.5% for PTSD, 24.5% reported sleep problems, 45.5% reported fatigue, and 40.7% were working full- or part-time. Among the participating relatives, 7.0% met the criteria for anxiety, 1.2% for depression, 3.5% for PTSD, and 52.3% of the relatives reported that the patient had suffered cognitive decline post OHCA. ROSC delay, higher age, and female sex were negatively associated with several long-term outcomes. Treatment allocation was not associated with better outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: Long-term OHCA survivors had acceptable outcomes, though self-reported sleep and fatigue problems and relatives-reported cognitive decline were prevalent. Higher age and longer ROSC delay were risk factors of poorer outcome, primarily driven by mortality. Female sex was a risk factor of worse self-reported outcomes.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01689077.

KW - Aged

KW - Anxiety/epidemiology

KW - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods

KW - Depression/epidemiology

KW - Fatigue/epidemiology

KW - Female

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortality

KW - Quality of Life

KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology

KW - Surveys and Questionnaires

KW - Survivors/psychology

KW - Depression

KW - Quality of life

KW - Targeted temperature management

KW - Post-traumatic stress disorder

KW - Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

KW - Anxiety

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105008964182&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672

DO - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110672

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 40499675

SN - 0300-9572

VL - 215

JO - Resuscitation

JF - Resuscitation

M1 - 110672

ER -

Long-term functional outcome and quality of life 5-8 years after out of hospital cardiac arrest

Abstract

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