Liraglutide for the prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in diabetic patients

INTRODUCTION: The GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) liraglutide has a half-life of approximately 13 h and is suitable for subcutaneous administration once daily. The use of liraglutide in people with type 2 diabetes has become popular because of the efficacy and durability in relation to glycemic control in combination with weight loss in most patients. Areas covered: PubMed searches were completed using the terms "GLP-1 receptor agonist", "Liraglutide", "Liraglutide and CVD", "Liraglutide and CVD risk factors". The reference list of articles subsequently identified was searched and articles of interest were selected. Expert commentary: Liraglutide has been found superior to oral antidiabetic drugs and other GLP-1 RAs with greater reductions in both HbA1c and weight except when compared with semaglutide. Liraglutide has beneficial effects on blood pressure, weight, postprandial lipids, low-grade inflammation and on the myocardium. In the cardiovascular endpoint trial LEADER liraglutide reduced the composite endpoint of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke as well as cardiovascular and total mortality but had no effect on heart failure. Liraglutide reduces the progression of diabetic kidney disease. In the recent 2018 consensus report from EASD/ADA liraglutide is recommended to patients with established cardiovascular diseases after metformin.