TY - JOUR
T1 - Levels of hepatitis B antibody titers are affected by age and doses gap time in children from a high endemic area of the western Amazon
AU - Gomes, Laura Cordeiro
AU - Sanson, Marina Cordeiro Gomes
AU - Brainin, Philip
AU - da Conceição Vieira de Melo, Maria
AU - de Souza, Rodrigo Medeiros
AU - Mazaro, Janaína
AU - Lima, Karine Oliveira
AU - Resende, Júnia Silva
AU - Vieira, Isabelle Victória Martins
AU - da Silva Mesquita, Edinilson
AU - Matos, Luan Oliveira
AU - Dutra, Isabelle Caroline Silva
AU - Palmisano, Giuseppe
AU - Wrenger, Carsten
AU - Marinho, Claudio Romero Farias
AU - do Socorro Uchôa da Silva, Rita
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Gomes et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2021/7/1
Y1 - 2021/7/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Despite completion of the vaccine schedule for hepatitis B virus (HBV), children may display levels of HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs) that are considered inadequate for sufficient protection (<10 IU/L).AIMS: Our aim was to investigate if age and gap time between HBV vaccine doses may negatively affect the levels of anti-HBs in children, and if these relationships are modified by sex.METHODS: In a high-endemic HBV region of the western Brazilian Amazon we enrolled children who had completed the HBV vaccine schedule. All children underwent analysis of anti-HBs and a clinical examination.RESULTS: We included 522 children (mean age 4.3 ± 0.8 years; 50% male). Median anti-HBs was 28.4 [interquartile range (IQR) 5.4 to 128.6] IU/L and 32% had anti-HBs <10 IU/L. The median gap time from last to preceding dose was 2.4 [IQR 2.1 to 3.3] months. Levels of anti-HBs decreased with higher age (-42% per year increase [95%CI -56% to -24%], p<0.001), but not with longer gap time (+23% per month increase [95%CI -16% to +62%], p = 0.249). After adjusting for relevant confounders, gap time became significant (p = 0.032) and age remained a significant predictor of anti-HBs (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: One third of assessed children displayed anti-HBs <10 IU/L. Levels of anti-HBs decreased with higher age and increased with longer gap time between the last two doses.
AB - BACKGROUND: Despite completion of the vaccine schedule for hepatitis B virus (HBV), children may display levels of HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs) that are considered inadequate for sufficient protection (<10 IU/L).AIMS: Our aim was to investigate if age and gap time between HBV vaccine doses may negatively affect the levels of anti-HBs in children, and if these relationships are modified by sex.METHODS: In a high-endemic HBV region of the western Brazilian Amazon we enrolled children who had completed the HBV vaccine schedule. All children underwent analysis of anti-HBs and a clinical examination.RESULTS: We included 522 children (mean age 4.3 ± 0.8 years; 50% male). Median anti-HBs was 28.4 [interquartile range (IQR) 5.4 to 128.6] IU/L and 32% had anti-HBs <10 IU/L. The median gap time from last to preceding dose was 2.4 [IQR 2.1 to 3.3] months. Levels of anti-HBs decreased with higher age (-42% per year increase [95%CI -56% to -24%], p<0.001), but not with longer gap time (+23% per month increase [95%CI -16% to +62%], p = 0.249). After adjusting for relevant confounders, gap time became significant (p = 0.032) and age remained a significant predictor of anti-HBs (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: One third of assessed children displayed anti-HBs <10 IU/L. Levels of anti-HBs decreased with higher age and increased with longer gap time between the last two doses.
KW - Age Factors
KW - Brazil
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Endemic Diseases/prevention & control
KW - Female
KW - Hepatitis B/blood
KW - Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood
KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology
KW - Hepatitis B Vaccines/administration & dosage
KW - Hepatitis B virus/immunology
KW - Humans
KW - Immunization Schedule
KW - Male
KW - Mass Vaccination
KW - Serologic Tests/statistics & numerical data
KW - Time Factors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110364126&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0253752
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0253752
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34197516
AN - SCOPUS:85110364126
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 16
SP - e0253752
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
IS - 7
M1 - e0253752
ER -