Komplikationer i forbindelse med kirurgisk fjernelse af mandbiblens tredjemolar

Surgical removal of the mandibular third molar (M3 inf.) is associated with discomfort, i.e. pain, swelling and decreased mouth opening. Additionally, a number of complications with different incidences and severities may occur of which the surgeon needs to be knowledgeable about and able to diagnose so as to manage them in a timely and correct manner. Furthermore, the patient needs to be adequately informed about treatment risk prior to surgical removal of this tooth. Complications may arise intra- and post-operatively, and the reported complication rate is not uniform, which reflects how multiple factors play a role in the development of complications, i.e. patient- and surgeon-related factors such as age, sex, medication, general condition, smoking status, alcohol consumption, type of impaction, surgical site infection, oral hygiene, experience of the surgeon and operation time. Alveolar osteitis, infection, bleeding, and neurosensory disturbance of the inferior alveolar and lingual nerve are the most frequent complications following surgical removal. In the present paper we provide information about the diagnosis and management of complications associated with surgical removal including information about rare complications such as necrotizing fasciitis, mandibular fracture, emphysema, tooth displacement and aspiration.