TY - JOUR
T1 - Insulin resistance is associated with multiple chemical sensitivity in a danish population-based study—DanFunD
AU - Bjerregaard, Anne A.
AU - Petersen, Marie W.
AU - Gormsen, Lise Kirstine
AU - Skovbjerg, Sine
AU - Jørgensen, Niklas R.
AU - Linneberg, Allan
AU - Cedeño-Laurent, José G.
AU - Jørgensen, Torben
AU - Dantoft, Thomas M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/11/30
Y1 - 2021/11/30
N2 - Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a multisystem syndrome, and limited knowledge of its pathophysiology exists. Based on the population-based Danish cohort DanFunD, this study investigated metabolic health in people with MCS compared to individuals who did not have MCS. From 9656 cohort participants aged 18–76 years old, 1.95% were categorized as MCS individuals with comorbid functional somatic disorders (MCS + FSD, n = 188), and 1.13% were categorized as MCS without functional somatic disorders (MCS ÷ FSD, n = 109). MCS was characterized based on three criteria: the experience of symptoms upon exposure to common odors and airborne chemicals, symptoms related the central nervous systems and others organ symptoms, and significant impact on every day, social, and occupational life. The remaining study population without MCS or any other functional somatic disorders were regarded as controls. We used adjusted multiple linear regression with link-function to evaluate the associations between lipid and glucose metabolism markers and MCS. We also tested the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in MCS. Results did not point to statistically significant associations between lipid biomarkers or metabolic syndrome and both MCS groups compared to the controls. We found that MCS individuals may be more insulin resistant and that MCS ÷ FSD may have an impaired glucose metabolism when compared to controls.
AB - Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a multisystem syndrome, and limited knowledge of its pathophysiology exists. Based on the population-based Danish cohort DanFunD, this study investigated metabolic health in people with MCS compared to individuals who did not have MCS. From 9656 cohort participants aged 18–76 years old, 1.95% were categorized as MCS individuals with comorbid functional somatic disorders (MCS + FSD, n = 188), and 1.13% were categorized as MCS without functional somatic disorders (MCS ÷ FSD, n = 109). MCS was characterized based on three criteria: the experience of symptoms upon exposure to common odors and airborne chemicals, symptoms related the central nervous systems and others organ symptoms, and significant impact on every day, social, and occupational life. The remaining study population without MCS or any other functional somatic disorders were regarded as controls. We used adjusted multiple linear regression with link-function to evaluate the associations between lipid and glucose metabolism markers and MCS. We also tested the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in MCS. Results did not point to statistically significant associations between lipid biomarkers or metabolic syndrome and both MCS groups compared to the controls. We found that MCS individuals may be more insulin resistant and that MCS ÷ FSD may have an impaired glucose metabolism when compared to controls.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Cohort Studies
KW - Denmark/epidemiology
KW - Humans
KW - Insulin Resistance
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity/epidemiology
KW - Odds Ratio
KW - Young Adult
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120045971&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ijerph182312654
DO - 10.3390/ijerph182312654
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34886380
AN - SCOPUS:85120045971
SN - 1661-7827
VL - 18
JO - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
IS - 23
M1 - 12654
ER -