TY - JOUR
T1 - Individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome show intact prediction but reduced adaptation in responses to repeated sounds
T2 - Evidence from Bayesian mapping
AU - Larsen, Kit Melissa
AU - Mørup, Morten
AU - Birknow, Michelle Rosgaard
AU - Fischer, Elvira
AU - Olsen, Line
AU - Didriksen, Michael
AU - Baaré, William Frans Christiaan
AU - Werge, Thomas Mears
AU - Garrido, Marta Isabel
AU - Siebner, Hartwig Roman
N1 - Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - One of the most common copy number variants, the 22q11.2 microdeletion, confers an increased risk for schizophrenia. Since schizophrenia has been associated with an aberrant neural response to repeated stimuli through both reduced adaptation and prediction, we here hypothesized that this may also be the case in nonpsychotic individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion. We recorded high-density EEG from 19 individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (12-25 years), as well as 27 healthy volunteers with comparable age and sex distribution, while they listened to a sequence of sounds arranged in a roving oddball paradigm. Using posterior probability maps and dynamic causal modelling we tested three different models accounting for repetition dependent changes in cortical responses as well as in effective connectivity; namely an adaptation model, a prediction model, and a model including both adaptation and prediction. Repetition-dependent changes were parametrically modulated by a combination of adaptation and prediction and were apparent in both cortical responses and in the underlying effective connectivity. This effect was reduced in individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion and was negatively correlated with negative symptom severity. Follow-up analysis showed that the reduced effect of the combined adaptation and prediction model seen in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion was driven by reduced adaptation rather than prediction failure. Our findings suggest that adaptation is reduced in individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion, which can be interpreted in light of the framework of predictive coding as a failure to suppress prediction errors.
AB - One of the most common copy number variants, the 22q11.2 microdeletion, confers an increased risk for schizophrenia. Since schizophrenia has been associated with an aberrant neural response to repeated stimuli through both reduced adaptation and prediction, we here hypothesized that this may also be the case in nonpsychotic individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion. We recorded high-density EEG from 19 individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (12-25 years), as well as 27 healthy volunteers with comparable age and sex distribution, while they listened to a sequence of sounds arranged in a roving oddball paradigm. Using posterior probability maps and dynamic causal modelling we tested three different models accounting for repetition dependent changes in cortical responses as well as in effective connectivity; namely an adaptation model, a prediction model, and a model including both adaptation and prediction. Repetition-dependent changes were parametrically modulated by a combination of adaptation and prediction and were apparent in both cortical responses and in the underlying effective connectivity. This effect was reduced in individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion and was negatively correlated with negative symptom severity. Follow-up analysis showed that the reduced effect of the combined adaptation and prediction model seen in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion was driven by reduced adaptation rather than prediction failure. Our findings suggest that adaptation is reduced in individuals with a 22q11.2 deletion, which can be interpreted in light of the framework of predictive coding as a failure to suppress prediction errors.
KW - 22q11 deletion syndrome
KW - Dynamic causal modelling
KW - EEG
KW - Mismatch negativity
KW - Posterior probability maps
KW - Repetition suppression
KW - Acoustic Stimulation
KW - Auditory Perception/physiology
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Electroencephalography
KW - Brain/physiopathology
KW - 22q11 Deletion Syndrome/physiopathology
KW - Young Adult
KW - Adaptation, Physiological/physiology
KW - Adolescent
KW - Bayes Theorem
KW - Adult
KW - Female
KW - Child
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061628686&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101721
DO - 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101721
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30785050
SN - 2213-1582
VL - 22
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - NeuroImage. Clinical
JF - NeuroImage. Clinical
M1 - 101721
ER -