TY - JOUR
T1 - Humoral and cellular immune responses after three or four doses of BNT162b2 in patients with hematological malignancies
AU - Heftdal, Line Dam
AU - Hamm, Sebastian Rask
AU - Pérez-Alós, Laura
AU - Madsen, Johannes Roth
AU - Armenteros, Jose Juan Almagro
AU - Fogh, Kamille
AU - Kronborg, Christoffer Cronwald
AU - Vallentin, Anders Pommer
AU - Hasselbalch, Rasmus Bo
AU - Møller, Dina Leth
AU - Hansen, Cecilie Bo
AU - Pries-Heje, Mia
AU - Gang, Anne Ortved
AU - Ostrowski, Sisse Rye
AU - Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth
AU - Sørensen, Erik
AU - Hilsted, Linda
AU - Bundgaard, Henning
AU - Iversen, Kasper
AU - Garred, Peter
AU - Nielsen, Susanne Dam
AU - Grønbaek, Kirsten
N1 - © 2023 The Authors. European Journal of Haematology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - OBJECTIVES: Initial responses to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination are impaired in patients with hematological malignancies. We investigated immune responses after three or four doses of BNT162b2 in patients with myeloid and lymphoid malignancies compared to controls, and identified risk factors for humoral and cellular nonresponse 1 year after first vaccination.METHODS: In 407 hematological patients (45 myeloid, 362 lymphoid) and 98 matched controls, we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies specific for the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at baseline, 3 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months, and interferon-γ release at 12 months.RESULTS: In patients with lymphoid malignancies, SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain IgG concentration and mean neutralizing capacity was lower than in controls at all time points. A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic B-cell leukemia (CLL) or lymphoma was associated with humoral nonresponse at 12 months compared to having multiple myeloma/amyloidosis (p < .001 and p = .013). Compared to controls, patients with lymphoid malignancies had increased risk of cellular nonresponse. A lymphoma diagnosis was associated with lower risk of cellular nonresponse compared to patients with multiple myeloma/amyloidosis, while patients with CLL had comparable response rates to patients with multiple myeloma/amyloidosis (p = .037 and p = .280).CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, long-term humoral and cellular immune responses to BNT162b2 were impaired in patients with lymphoid malignancies.
AB - OBJECTIVES: Initial responses to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination are impaired in patients with hematological malignancies. We investigated immune responses after three or four doses of BNT162b2 in patients with myeloid and lymphoid malignancies compared to controls, and identified risk factors for humoral and cellular nonresponse 1 year after first vaccination.METHODS: In 407 hematological patients (45 myeloid, 362 lymphoid) and 98 matched controls, we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies specific for the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at baseline, 3 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months, and interferon-γ release at 12 months.RESULTS: In patients with lymphoid malignancies, SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain IgG concentration and mean neutralizing capacity was lower than in controls at all time points. A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic B-cell leukemia (CLL) or lymphoma was associated with humoral nonresponse at 12 months compared to having multiple myeloma/amyloidosis (p < .001 and p = .013). Compared to controls, patients with lymphoid malignancies had increased risk of cellular nonresponse. A lymphoma diagnosis was associated with lower risk of cellular nonresponse compared to patients with multiple myeloma/amyloidosis, while patients with CLL had comparable response rates to patients with multiple myeloma/amyloidosis (p = .037 and p = .280).CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, long-term humoral and cellular immune responses to BNT162b2 were impaired in patients with lymphoid malignancies.
KW - Amyloidosis
KW - Antibodies, Viral
KW - BNT162 Vaccine
KW - COVID-19
KW - Hematologic Neoplasms/diagnosis
KW - Humans
KW - Immunity, Cellular
KW - Immunoglobulin G
KW - Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
KW - Multiple Myeloma
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85158135740&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/ejh.13986
DO - 10.1111/ejh.13986
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37151174
SN - 0902-4441
VL - 111
SP - 229
EP - 239
JO - European Journal of Haematology
JF - European Journal of Haematology
IS - 2
ER -