Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation

Matteo Fumagalli; Ida Moltke; Niels Grarup; Fernando Racimo; Peter Bjerregaard; Marit E Jørgensen; Thorfinn S Korneliussen; Pascale Gerbault; Line Skotte; Allan Linneberg; Cramer Christensen; Ivan Brandslund; Torben Jørgensen; Emilia Huerta-Sánchez; Erik B Schmidt; Oluf Pedersen; Torben Hansen; Anders Albrechtsen; Rasmus Nielsen

doi:10.1126/science.aab2319

Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation

Matteo Fumagalli, Ida Moltke, Niels Grarup, Fernando Racimo, Peter Bjerregaard, Marit E Jørgensen, Thorfinn S Korneliussen, Pascale Gerbault, Line Skotte, Allan Linneberg, Cramer Christensen, Ivan Brandslund, Torben Jørgensen, Emilia Huerta-Sánchez, Erik B Schmidt, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Anders Albrechtsen, Rasmus Nielsen

Klinisk Eksperimentel Forskningsafdeling, Glostrup

388 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Science
Vol/bind	349
Udgave nummer	6254
Sider (fra-til)	1343-7
Antal sider	5
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab2319
Status	Udgivet - 18 sep. 2015

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10.1126/science.aab2319

Citationsformater

Fumagalli, M., Moltke, I., Grarup, N., Racimo, F., Bjerregaard, P., Jørgensen, M. E., Korneliussen, T. S., Gerbault, P., Skotte, L., Linneberg, A., Christensen, C., Brandslund, I., Jørgensen, T., Huerta-Sánchez, E., Schmidt, E. B., Pedersen, O., Hansen, T., Albrechtsen, A., & Nielsen, R. (2015). Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation. Science, 349(6254), 1343-7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab2319

Fumagalli, M, Moltke, I, Grarup, N, Racimo, F, Bjerregaard, P, Jørgensen, ME, Korneliussen, TS, Gerbault, P, Skotte, L, Linneberg, A, Christensen, C, Brandslund, I, Jørgensen, T, Huerta-Sánchez, E, Schmidt, EB, Pedersen, O, Hansen, T, Albrechtsen, A & Nielsen, R 2015, 'Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation', Science, bind 349, nr. 6254, s. 1343-7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab2319

@article{32b6d8c57bf648f195ec42072dff65e6,

title = "Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation",

abstract = "The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.",

keywords = "Acclimatization, Alleles, Arctic Regions, Body Height, Body Weight, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11, Climate, Diet, High-Fat, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Female, Genetic Loci, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Greenland, Humans, Inuits, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Membrane Lipids, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Selection, Genetic",

author = "Matteo Fumagalli and Ida Moltke and Niels Grarup and Fernando Racimo and Peter Bjerregaard and J{\o}rgensen, {Marit E} and Korneliussen, {Thorfinn S} and Pascale Gerbault and Line Skotte and Allan Linneberg and Cramer Christensen and Ivan Brandslund and Torben J{\o}rgensen and Emilia Huerta-S{\'a}nchez and Schmidt, {Erik B} and Oluf Pedersen and Torben Hansen and Anders Albrechtsen and Rasmus Nielsen",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science.",

year = "2015",

month = sep,

day = "18",

doi = "10.1126/science.aab2319",

language = "English",

volume = "349",

pages = "1343--7",

journal = "Science",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation

AU - Fumagalli, Matteo

AU - Moltke, Ida

AU - Grarup, Niels

AU - Racimo, Fernando

AU - Bjerregaard, Peter

AU - Jørgensen, Marit E

AU - Korneliussen, Thorfinn S

AU - Gerbault, Pascale

AU - Skotte, Line

AU - Linneberg, Allan

AU - Christensen, Cramer

AU - Brandslund, Ivan

AU - Jørgensen, Torben

AU - Huerta-Sánchez, Emilia

AU - Schmidt, Erik B

AU - Pedersen, Oluf

AU - Hansen, Torben

AU - Albrechtsen, Anders

AU - Nielsen, Rasmus

PY - 2015/9/18

Y1 - 2015/9/18

N2 - The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.

AB - The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.

KW - Acclimatization

KW - Alleles

KW - Arctic Regions

KW - Body Height

KW - Body Weight

KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11

KW - Climate

KW - Diet, High-Fat

KW - Fatty Acids, Omega-3

KW - Female

KW - Genetic Loci

KW - Genome, Human

KW - Genome-Wide Association Study

KW - Greenland

KW - Humans

KW - Inuits

KW - Linkage Disequilibrium

KW - Male

KW - Membrane Lipids

KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

KW - Selection, Genetic

U2 - 10.1126/science.aab2319

DO - 10.1126/science.aab2319

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26383953

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 349

SP - 1343

EP - 1347

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6254

ER -

Greenlandic Inuit show genetic signatures of diet and climate adaptation

Abstract

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