TY - JOUR
T1 - Extracorporeal Treatment for Gabapentin and Pregabalin Poisoning
T2 - Systematic Review and Recommendations From the EXTRIP Workgroup
AU - Bouchard, Josée
AU - Yates, Christopher
AU - Calello, Diane P
AU - Gosselin, Sophie
AU - Roberts, Darren M
AU - Lavergne, Valéry
AU - Hoffman, Robert S
AU - Ostermann, Marlies
AU - Peng, Ai
AU - Ghannoum, Marc
AU - EXTRIP workgroup
A2 - Høgberg, Lotte Christine Groth
N1 - Copyright © 2021 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Toxicity from gabapentin and pregabalin overdose is commonly encountered. Treatment is supportive, and the use of extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) is controversial. The EXTRIP workgroup conducted systematic reviews of the literature and summarized findings following published methods. Thirty-three articles (30 patient reports and 3 pharmacokinetic studies) met the inclusion criteria. High gabapentinoid extracorporeal clearance (>150mL/min) and short elimination half-life (<5 hours) were reported with hemodialysis. The workgroup assessed gabapentin and pregabalin as "dialyzable" for patients with decreased kidney function (quality of the evidence grade as A and B, respectively). Limited clinical data were available (24 patients with gabapentin toxicity and 7 with pregabalin toxicity received ECTR). Severe toxicity, mortality, and sequelae were rare in cases receiving ECTR and in historical controls receiving standard care alone. No clear clinical benefit from ECTR could be identified although major knowledge gaps were acknowledged, as well as costs and harms of ECTR. The EXTRIP workgroup suggests against performing ECTR in addition to standard care rather than standard care alone (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence) for gabapentinoid poisoning in patients with normal kidney function. If decreased kidney function and coma requiring mechanical ventilation are present, the workgroup suggests performing ECTR in addition to standard care (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence).
AB - Toxicity from gabapentin and pregabalin overdose is commonly encountered. Treatment is supportive, and the use of extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) is controversial. The EXTRIP workgroup conducted systematic reviews of the literature and summarized findings following published methods. Thirty-three articles (30 patient reports and 3 pharmacokinetic studies) met the inclusion criteria. High gabapentinoid extracorporeal clearance (>150mL/min) and short elimination half-life (<5 hours) were reported with hemodialysis. The workgroup assessed gabapentin and pregabalin as "dialyzable" for patients with decreased kidney function (quality of the evidence grade as A and B, respectively). Limited clinical data were available (24 patients with gabapentin toxicity and 7 with pregabalin toxicity received ECTR). Severe toxicity, mortality, and sequelae were rare in cases receiving ECTR and in historical controls receiving standard care alone. No clear clinical benefit from ECTR could be identified although major knowledge gaps were acknowledged, as well as costs and harms of ECTR. The EXTRIP workgroup suggests against performing ECTR in addition to standard care rather than standard care alone (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence) for gabapentinoid poisoning in patients with normal kidney function. If decreased kidney function and coma requiring mechanical ventilation are present, the workgroup suggests performing ECTR in addition to standard care (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence).
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119179662&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.06.027
DO - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.06.027
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34799138
SN - 0272-6386
VL - 79
SP - 88
EP - 104
JO - American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
JF - American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
IS - 1
ER -