TY - JOUR
T1 - Effectiveness of the targeted hepatitis B vaccination program in Greenland
AU - Børresen, Malene L
AU - Koch, Anders
AU - Biggar, Robert J
AU - Ladefoged, Karin
AU - Melbye, Mads
AU - Wohlfahrt, Jan
AU - Krause, Tyra Grove
PY - 2012/2
Y1 - 2012/2
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination program in Greenland, which targets children born to mothers who are positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), we determined vaccination coverage, levels of postvaccination antibodies, and frequency of breakthrough infections in at-risk children.METHODS: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study with data from nationwide registries. We identified all children born to HBsAg-positive mothers from 1992 to 2007 and collected data on their HBV vaccination status. In 2008 to 2010, we tested the children for HBV core antibody, HBsAg, and anti-HBsAg antibody (HBsAb).RESULTS: Of 4050 pregnant women, 3.2% were HBsAg positive. Of 207 children born to these women, 20% received no vaccinations, and only 58% received at least 3 vaccinations. At follow-up, HBsAb levels in vaccinated children were much lower than expected, and 8 (6%) of 140 at-risk children had breakthrough infections, with 4 chronically infected (persistently HBsAg positive).CONCLUSIONS: The prevention program targeting children at risk for HBV in Greenland is ineffective. HBV vaccination should be included in the universal childhood vaccination program, and postvaccination HBsAb levels should be monitored.
AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination program in Greenland, which targets children born to mothers who are positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), we determined vaccination coverage, levels of postvaccination antibodies, and frequency of breakthrough infections in at-risk children.METHODS: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study with data from nationwide registries. We identified all children born to HBsAg-positive mothers from 1992 to 2007 and collected data on their HBV vaccination status. In 2008 to 2010, we tested the children for HBV core antibody, HBsAg, and anti-HBsAg antibody (HBsAb).RESULTS: Of 4050 pregnant women, 3.2% were HBsAg positive. Of 207 children born to these women, 20% received no vaccinations, and only 58% received at least 3 vaccinations. At follow-up, HBsAb levels in vaccinated children were much lower than expected, and 8 (6%) of 140 at-risk children had breakthrough infections, with 4 chronically infected (persistently HBsAg positive).CONCLUSIONS: The prevention program targeting children at risk for HBV in Greenland is ineffective. HBV vaccination should be included in the universal childhood vaccination program, and postvaccination HBsAb levels should be monitored.
KW - Adult
KW - Female
KW - Greenland/epidemiology
KW - Hepatitis B/prevention & control
KW - Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood
KW - Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood
KW - Hepatitis B Vaccines/administration & dosage
KW - Humans
KW - Immunization Programs/statistics & numerical data
KW - Infant
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control
KW - Mothers
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology
KW - Program Evaluation/statistics & numerical data
KW - Retrospective Studies
KW - Risk Factors
U2 - 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300239
DO - 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300239
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 21940914
SN - 0090-0036
VL - 102
SP - 277
EP - 284
JO - American Journal of Public Health
JF - American Journal of Public Health
IS - 2
ER -