TY - JOUR
T1 - Early life bacterial airway colonization, local immune mediator response and risk of otitis media
AU - Christensen, Emil Dalgaard
AU - Thorsen, Jonathan
AU - Stokholm, Jakob
AU - Pedersen, Tine Marie
AU - Brix, Susanne
AU - Krogfelt, Karen Angeliki
AU - Schjørring, Susanne
AU - Chawes, Bo
AU - Bønnelykke, Klaus
AU - Bisgaard, Hans
AU - Rasmussen, Morten Arendt
PY - 2020/8
Y1 - 2020/8
N2 - Introduction. Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common bacterial infection in early childhood, but the underlying mechanisms making some children more susceptible are poorly understood.Aim. To examine the associations between bacterial airway colonization in early life and the risk of AOM and tympanostomy tube insertion (TTI), and whether such associations are modulated by an insufficient local immune mediator response to bacterial colonization.Methodology. Bacterial cultures from hypopharyngeal samples were obtained at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of age in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC2010) cohort comprising 700 children. Twenty immune mediators were quantified from airway mucosal lining fluid sampled at 1 month. AOM symptoms were registered in a daily diary until 3 years. Information on TTI in the first 3 years was obtained from national registers.Results. Children colonized with Streptococcus pneumoniae at 1 month of age had increased incidence of AOM [aIRR 2.43 (1.14-5.21)] and children colonized with Moraxella catarrhalis at 1 month or Haemophilus influenzae at 3 months had an increased risk of TTI [aHR 1.45 (1.00-2.10) and 1.73 (1.10-2.71)]. There were no associations between the local immune mediator response to colonization and risk of AOM or TTI.Conclusion. Pathogenic bacterial airway colonization in early life was found to be associated with an increased risk of otitis media, albeit not consistently. These associations were independent of the local immune response to colonization.
AB - Introduction. Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common bacterial infection in early childhood, but the underlying mechanisms making some children more susceptible are poorly understood.Aim. To examine the associations between bacterial airway colonization in early life and the risk of AOM and tympanostomy tube insertion (TTI), and whether such associations are modulated by an insufficient local immune mediator response to bacterial colonization.Methodology. Bacterial cultures from hypopharyngeal samples were obtained at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of age in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC2010) cohort comprising 700 children. Twenty immune mediators were quantified from airway mucosal lining fluid sampled at 1 month. AOM symptoms were registered in a daily diary until 3 years. Information on TTI in the first 3 years was obtained from national registers.Results. Children colonized with Streptococcus pneumoniae at 1 month of age had increased incidence of AOM [aIRR 2.43 (1.14-5.21)] and children colonized with Moraxella catarrhalis at 1 month or Haemophilus influenzae at 3 months had an increased risk of TTI [aHR 1.45 (1.00-2.10) and 1.73 (1.10-2.71)]. There were no associations between the local immune mediator response to colonization and risk of AOM or TTI.Conclusion. Pathogenic bacterial airway colonization in early life was found to be associated with an increased risk of otitis media, albeit not consistently. These associations were independent of the local immune response to colonization.
KW - Analysis of Variance
KW - Chi-Square Distribution
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Humans
KW - Infant
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Linear Models
KW - Otitis Media/epidemiology
KW - Poisson Distribution
KW - Principal Component Analysis
KW - Proportional Hazards Models
KW - Respiratory System/immunology
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Statistics, Nonparametric
U2 - 10.1099/jmm.0.001227
DO - 10.1099/jmm.0.001227
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32597749
SN - 0022-2615
VL - 69
SP - 1124
EP - 1131
JO - Journal of Medical Microbiology
JF - Journal of Medical Microbiology
IS - 8
ER -