TY - JOUR
T1 - Contemporary management of infective native aortic aneurysms
AU - Heinola, Ivika
AU - Sörelius, Karl
N1 - Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Infective native aortic aneurysms (INAAs) are challenging and complex with both bacteraemia and an aneurysm prone to rupture. They are fatal unless recognized and treated promptly. The rarity of the disease makes it unfamiliar to most physicians, which might delay both diagnosis and treatment.The present review aims to outline the recently published diagnostic algorithm of INAAs, the main characteristics of the disease and present an overview of contemporary treatment strategies.RECENT FINDINGS: New terminology, definition, diagnostic algorithm and reporting standards have recently been proposed for INAAs. Current evidence concerning the treatment of INAAs is founded on retrospective register-based multicentre studies and small single-centre studies. Recent findings encourage the use of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for surgical treatment of INAAs. Although EVAR, as a surgical approach, does not drain the infection, the postoperative infection-related complication rates (IRCs) are similar to the ones reported after open surgical repair (OSR) with aortic prosthetic reconstruction and extensive debridement. IRCs carry over 50% risk of being fatal. Postoperative mortality after EVAR remains considerably lower supporting the use of method for aged and comorbid group of patients. Biological grafts have the benefit of being more resistant to reinfection. OSR with biological reconstruction is a promising surgical approach for patients fit for open surgery; however, data are scarce and long-term follow-up is lacking.SUMMARY: The treatment of INAAs should be guided by experienced multidisciplinary team and tailored individually based on patients' condition and centres' experience. An international consensus document is warranted to enable further research on this disease.
AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Infective native aortic aneurysms (INAAs) are challenging and complex with both bacteraemia and an aneurysm prone to rupture. They are fatal unless recognized and treated promptly. The rarity of the disease makes it unfamiliar to most physicians, which might delay both diagnosis and treatment.The present review aims to outline the recently published diagnostic algorithm of INAAs, the main characteristics of the disease and present an overview of contemporary treatment strategies.RECENT FINDINGS: New terminology, definition, diagnostic algorithm and reporting standards have recently been proposed for INAAs. Current evidence concerning the treatment of INAAs is founded on retrospective register-based multicentre studies and small single-centre studies. Recent findings encourage the use of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for surgical treatment of INAAs. Although EVAR, as a surgical approach, does not drain the infection, the postoperative infection-related complication rates (IRCs) are similar to the ones reported after open surgical repair (OSR) with aortic prosthetic reconstruction and extensive debridement. IRCs carry over 50% risk of being fatal. Postoperative mortality after EVAR remains considerably lower supporting the use of method for aged and comorbid group of patients. Biological grafts have the benefit of being more resistant to reinfection. OSR with biological reconstruction is a promising surgical approach for patients fit for open surgery; however, data are scarce and long-term follow-up is lacking.SUMMARY: The treatment of INAAs should be guided by experienced multidisciplinary team and tailored individually based on patients' condition and centres' experience. An international consensus document is warranted to enable further research on this disease.
KW - Aged
KW - Aorta
KW - Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
KW - Endovascular Procedures
KW - Humans
KW - Postoperative Complications
KW - Retrospective Studies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118283223&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000904
DO - 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000904
M3 - Review
C2 - 34456251
SN - 0268-4705
VL - 36
SP - 689
EP - 694
JO - Current Opinion in Cardiology
JF - Current Opinion in Cardiology
IS - 6
ER -