Cardiogenic Shock

Cardiogenic shock remains a major unsolved problem despite progress such as implementation of new definitions, staging categories, and detailed phenotyping of this heterogeneous disorder. However, there are few evidence-based strategies to decrease mortality, which remains at 40 to 50% at 30 days after the onset of cardiogenic shock; such strategies currently include revascularization of the culprit lesion in myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock and the use of microaxial flow pumps in selected patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Here, we summarize recent advances in the management and diagnosis of cardiogenic shock, including staging and therapies, and describe needs that warrant further research.