Cabozantinib versus Everolimus in Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma

Toni K Choueiri, Bernard Escudier, Thomas Powles, Paul N Mainwaring, Brian I Rini, Frede Donskov, Hans Hammers, Thomas E Hutson, Jae-Lyun Lee, Katriina Peltola, Bruce J Roth, Georg A Bjarnason, Lajos Géczi, Bhumsuk Keam, Pablo Maroto, Daniel Y C Heng, Manuela Schmidinger, Philip W Kantoff, Anne Borgman-Hagey, Colin HesselChristian Scheffold, Gisela M Schwab, Nizar M Tannir, Robert J Motzer, METEOR Investigators (Poul Geertsen, members)

1023 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cabozantinib is an oral, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) as well as MET and AXL, each of which has been implicated in the pathobiology of metastatic renal-cell carcinoma or in the development of resistance to antiangiogenic drugs. This randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy of cabozantinib, as compared with everolimus, in patients with renal-cell carcinoma that had progressed after VEGFR-targeted therapy.

METHODS: We randomly assigned 658 patients to receive cabozantinib at a dose of 60 mg daily or everolimus at a dose of 10 mg daily. The primary end point was progression-free survival. Secondary efficacy end points were overall survival and objective response rate.

RESULTS: Median progression-free survival was 7.4 months with cabozantinib and 3.8 months with everolimus. The rate of progression or death was 42% lower with cabozantinib than with everolimus (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45 to 0.75; P<0.001). The objective response rate was 21% with cabozantinib and 5% with everolimus (P<0.001). A planned interim analysis showed that overall survival was longer with cabozantinib than with everolimus (hazard ratio for death, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.89; P=0.005) but did not cross the significance boundary for the interim analysis. Adverse events were managed with dose reductions; doses were reduced in 60% of the patients who received cabozantinib and in 25% of those who received everolimus. Discontinuation of study treatment owing to adverse events occurred in 9% of the patients who received cabozantinib and in 10% of those who received everolimus.

CONCLUSIONS: Progression-free survival was longer with cabozantinib than with everolimus among patients with renal-cell carcinoma that had progressed after VEGFR-targeted therapy. (Funded by Exelixis; METEOR ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01865747.).

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftThe New England journal of medicine
Vol/bind373
Udgave nummer19
Sider (fra-til)1814-23
Antal sider10
ISSN0028-4793
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 5 nov. 2015

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