TY - JOUR
T1 - Altered states of consciousness in Danish healthy volunteers and recreational users of psilocybin and the possible impact of setting and intention
T2 - Danish validation of the five-dimensional altered states of consciousness questionnaire
AU - Hovmand, Oliver Rumle
AU - Madsen, Martin Korsbak
AU - Fisher, Patrick MacDonald
AU - Stenbæk, Dea Siggaard
PY - 2024/10
Y1 - 2024/10
N2 - BACKGROUND: Psychedelic substances reliably induce marked altered states of consciousness (ASC), which may be important for lasting effects and clinical outcomes of psychedelic intervention. Several instruments are available to measure the acute psychedelic experience, of which the Five Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire (5D-ASC) is commonly used. The questionnaire can be scored and analyzed as having five dimensions or 11 subscales, but the two have not been evaluated with comparable factor analysis methods.METHODS: The Danish translation of the 5D-ASC was completed by one sample of healthy volunteers receiving psilocybin in a laboratory setting (N = 47) and one sample of recreative users5D-ASC of psychedelics (N = 550), who reported retrospectively through an online survey based on their most recent experience with psilocybin. We calculated internal consistency measures of Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, conducted a confirmatory factor analysis of the previously suggested factor structures, and tested for possible associations between the 5D-ASC total scores and dose, setting, and intention. For the 11 subscales, we reported omega-sem (composite reliability) using the parameters of the fitted confirmatory factor analyses model.RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 11 subscales had a good fit to data and showed a better fit compared to the originally proposed five-dimensional solution and good internal consistencies. We further found that the 5D-ASC total scores correlated positively with the dose in the recreative sample. We found no correlations between 5D-ASC total scores and intention or setting.DISCUSSION: We find the Danish 5D-ASC to be a valid tool for measuring ASC among Danish-speaking individuals.
AB - BACKGROUND: Psychedelic substances reliably induce marked altered states of consciousness (ASC), which may be important for lasting effects and clinical outcomes of psychedelic intervention. Several instruments are available to measure the acute psychedelic experience, of which the Five Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire (5D-ASC) is commonly used. The questionnaire can be scored and analyzed as having five dimensions or 11 subscales, but the two have not been evaluated with comparable factor analysis methods.METHODS: The Danish translation of the 5D-ASC was completed by one sample of healthy volunteers receiving psilocybin in a laboratory setting (N = 47) and one sample of recreative users5D-ASC of psychedelics (N = 550), who reported retrospectively through an online survey based on their most recent experience with psilocybin. We calculated internal consistency measures of Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, conducted a confirmatory factor analysis of the previously suggested factor structures, and tested for possible associations between the 5D-ASC total scores and dose, setting, and intention. For the 11 subscales, we reported omega-sem (composite reliability) using the parameters of the fitted confirmatory factor analyses model.RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 11 subscales had a good fit to data and showed a better fit compared to the originally proposed five-dimensional solution and good internal consistencies. We further found that the 5D-ASC total scores correlated positively with the dose in the recreative sample. We found no correlations between 5D-ASC total scores and intention or setting.DISCUSSION: We find the Danish 5D-ASC to be a valid tool for measuring ASC among Danish-speaking individuals.
KW - Humans
KW - Psilocybin/pharmacology
KW - Adult
KW - Hallucinogens/pharmacology
KW - Male
KW - Female
KW - Denmark
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires/standards
KW - Young Adult
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Healthy Volunteers
KW - Consciousness/drug effects
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Factor Analysis, Statistical
KW - Retrospective Studies
KW - Consciousness Disorders/chemically induced
KW - Intention
KW - Recreational Drug Use
KW - Adolescent
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85201139701&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/02698811241269669
DO - 10.1177/02698811241269669
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 39135498
SN - 0269-8811
VL - 38
SP - 924
EP - 932
JO - Journal of Psychopharmacology
JF - Journal of Psychopharmacology
IS - 10
ER -