TY - JOUR
T1 - Alterations in inflammatory markers after a 12-week exercise program in individuals with schizophrenia-a randomized controlled trial
AU - Bigseth, Therese Torgersen
AU - Engh, John Abel
AU - Andersen, Eivind
AU - Bang-Kittilsen, Gry
AU - Egeland, Jens
AU - Falk, Ragnhild Sørum
AU - Holmen, Tom Langerud
AU - Mordal, Jon
AU - Nielsen, Jimmi
AU - Ueland, Thor
AU - Vang, Torkel
AU - Fredriksen, Mats
N1 - Copyright © 2023 Bigseth, Engh, Andersen, Bang-Kittilsen, Egeland, Falk, Holmen, Mordal, Nielsen, Ueland, Vang and Fredriksen.
PY - 2023/5/11
Y1 - 2023/5/11
N2 - BACKGROUND: In individuals with schizophrenia, inflammation is associated with depression, somatic comorbidity and reduced quality of life. Physical exercise is known to reduce inflammation in other populations, but we have only limited knowledge in the field of schizophrenia. We assessed inflammatory markers in plasma samples from individuals with schizophrenia participating in an exercise intervention randomized controlled trial. We hypothesized that (i) physical exercise would reduce levels of inflammatory markers and (ii) elevated inflammatory status at baseline would be associated with improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) following intervention.METHOD: Eighty-two individuals with schizophrenia were randomized to a 12-week intervention of either high-intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 43) or active video gaming (AVG, n = 39). Participants were assessed at baseline, post intervention and four months later. The associations between exercise and the inflammatory markers soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, c-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), soluble TNF receptor 1 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were estimated using linear mixed effect models for repeated measures. For estimating associations between baseline inflammation and change in CRF, we used linear regression models.RESULTS: Our main findings were (i) TNF and IL-6 increased during the intervention period for both groups. Other inflammatory markers did not change during the exercise intervention period; (ii) baseline inflammatory status did not influence change in CRF during intervention, except for a positive association between baseline IL-6 levels and improvements of CRF to post intervention for both groups.CONCLUSION: In our study, HIIT and AVG for 12-weeks had no reducing effect on inflammatory markers. Patients with high baseline IL-6 levels had a positive change in CRF during intervention. In order to increase our knowledge regarding association between inflammatory markers and exercise in individuals with schizophrenia, larger studies with more frequent and longer exercise bout duration are warranted.
AB - BACKGROUND: In individuals with schizophrenia, inflammation is associated with depression, somatic comorbidity and reduced quality of life. Physical exercise is known to reduce inflammation in other populations, but we have only limited knowledge in the field of schizophrenia. We assessed inflammatory markers in plasma samples from individuals with schizophrenia participating in an exercise intervention randomized controlled trial. We hypothesized that (i) physical exercise would reduce levels of inflammatory markers and (ii) elevated inflammatory status at baseline would be associated with improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) following intervention.METHOD: Eighty-two individuals with schizophrenia were randomized to a 12-week intervention of either high-intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 43) or active video gaming (AVG, n = 39). Participants were assessed at baseline, post intervention and four months later. The associations between exercise and the inflammatory markers soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, c-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), soluble TNF receptor 1 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were estimated using linear mixed effect models for repeated measures. For estimating associations between baseline inflammation and change in CRF, we used linear regression models.RESULTS: Our main findings were (i) TNF and IL-6 increased during the intervention period for both groups. Other inflammatory markers did not change during the exercise intervention period; (ii) baseline inflammatory status did not influence change in CRF during intervention, except for a positive association between baseline IL-6 levels and improvements of CRF to post intervention for both groups.CONCLUSION: In our study, HIIT and AVG for 12-weeks had no reducing effect on inflammatory markers. Patients with high baseline IL-6 levels had a positive change in CRF during intervention. In order to increase our knowledge regarding association between inflammatory markers and exercise in individuals with schizophrenia, larger studies with more frequent and longer exercise bout duration are warranted.
KW - CRP
KW - IL-6
KW - TNF
KW - exercise
KW - inflammation
KW - inflammatory marker
KW - schizophrenia
KW - suPAR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85160999481&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1175171
DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1175171
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37265560
SN - 1664-0640
VL - 14
SP - 1175171
JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry
JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry
M1 - 1175171
ER -