Acceptance, and Impact Mechanisms: Patient and Healthcare Professional Insights From a Self-Management Intervention for Newly Diagnosed With Inflammatory Arthritis

AIM: To evaluate the acceptability, mechanisms of impact, and contextual factors affecting a 9-month, nurse-led self-management intervention specifically designed for newly diagnosed patients with inflammatory arthritis, from both the patient and healthcare professional (HPs) perspectives.

DESIGN: A qualitative longitudinal study.

METHODS: Individual baseline and follow-up interviews were conducted with 12 patients (baseline n = 12; follow-up n = 10) and four focus group interviews were conducted with 4 HPs at key intervention stages. Interview guides were drafted with open-ended questions and iteratively refined across interviews to match the evolving stages of the intervention. Data analysis was conducted using template analysis. This study adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ): 32-item checklist.

RESULTS: Patients valued the tailored individual sessions, which provided emotional support and improved their understanding of IA. Group sessions received mixed feedback, with some patients suggesting a need for more organisation. The intervention fostered a sense of community, reducing isolation and empowering patients to navigate the healthcare system better. HPs praised the patient-centred approach and emphasised the importance of training and organisational support.

CONCLUSION: Both patients and HPs highly accepted our nurse-led self-management intervention, though group sessions received mixed feedback. Key impact mechanisms were the proactive management of symptoms and lifestyle, and the intervention's tailored support and emotional guidance. The HPs experienced professional growth but scheduling occasionally conflicted with regular work.

IMPACT: This study has provided valuable information in understanding intervention mechanisms. Findings from the evaluation will be used to refine the intervention.

PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Two patients contributed to the development of the intervention, and a patient research partner was actively engaged in all phases of this study.